2019-nCoV 与自闭症谱系障碍儿童父母心理困扰的关系。
The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder.
机构信息
Department of Children's and Adolescent Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
Department of Children Psychology, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhuhai, 519001, China.
出版信息
Global Health. 2021 Feb 25;17(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12992-021-00674-8.
OBJECTIVES
The psychological distress caused by COVID-19 may be pronounced among the parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to investigate psychological distress among parents of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A total of 1764 parents of children with ASD and 4962 parents of typically developing (TD) children were recruited. The participants completed an online survey which contained demographic information, the impact due to COVID-19 crisis, resilience, coping styles, anxiety and depression. Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess the contributions of these variables to anxiety and depression.
RESULTS
After adjusting for demographic variables, the following factors were associated with parents' anxiety and depression symptoms: (i) Whether or not the participants had a child with ASD; (ii) resilience; (iii) coping strategies, and; (iv) the impact due to COVID-19. Among these, the psychological stress caused by COVID-19 played the most important role in parental anxiety (β = 0.353) and depression (β = 0.242) symptoms. Parents of children with ASD had lower levels of resilience and positive coping, and used more negative coping strategies than parents of TD children. Among all participants, 8.0 and 24.2% of parents had symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Compared to parents of TD children, more parents of children with ASD exhibited symptoms of anxiety and depression (12.2% vs. 6.6%; 31.0% vs. 21.7%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
During the COVID-19 pandemic, parents experienced varying levels of anxiety and depression, particularly, parents of children with ASD. More specific attention should be paid to parental mental health and long-term effective intervention programs, that are targeted towards parents of children with ASD, and such programs should be promoted around China in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis.
目的
新冠疫情可能会给自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患儿的家长带来明显的心理困扰。本研究旨在调查新冠疫情期间 ASD 患儿家长的心理困扰情况。
方法
共招募了 1764 名 ASD 患儿家长和 4962 名发育正常（TD）儿童的家长。参与者完成了一项在线调查，其中包含人口统计学信息、新冠疫情危机的影响、韧性、应对方式、焦虑和抑郁。采用分层线性回归分析评估这些变量对焦虑和抑郁的贡献。
结果
在调整了人口统计学变量后，以下因素与父母的焦虑和抑郁症状相关：（i）参与者是否有 ASD 患儿；（ii）韧性；（iii）应对策略；（iv）新冠疫情的影响。在这些因素中，新冠疫情带来的心理压力对父母的焦虑（β=0.353）和抑郁（β=0.242）症状影响最大。与 TD 儿童的家长相比，ASD 患儿的家长韧性水平和积极应对策略较低，而消极应对策略较多。在所有参与者中，分别有 8.0%和 24.2%的家长出现焦虑和抑郁症状。与 TD 儿童的家长相比，更多的 ASD 患儿的家长表现出焦虑和抑郁症状（12.2%比 6.6%；31.0%比 21.7%）。
结论
在新冠疫情期间，家长经历了不同程度的焦虑和抑郁，尤其是 ASD 患儿的家长。应更加关注父母的心理健康，并针对 ASD 患儿的家长制定长期有效的干预计划，在新冠疫情危机后在全国范围内推广。
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