Ruan Luanqi, Zhao Rui, Ong Jason J, Fu Xiaoxing, Xiong Ying, Chen Yan, He Da, Chen Yujia, Zhuang Xun, Zhang Lei
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; and Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
Sex Health. 2021 Mar;18(1):64-76. doi: 10.1071/SH20122.
Background Elimination of HIV is a public health priority in China, but there has been reports of an upsurge in HIV among young people. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the awareness of HIV knowledge, attitudes towards homosexuality and practice of sexual behaviours among Chinese aged 15-24 years.
The face-to-face survey was conducted from June to August 2017, collecting data on sociodemographic characteristics, HIV-related knowledge, attitudes towards homosexuality and practice of sexual behaviours among Chinese senior high school and university students. A generalised linear model (GLM) was used to assess the different levels of HIV knowledge between groups, and identify the key contributors to HIV knowledge scores.
The survey was completed by 73.6% (1355/1840) of the students approached. The overall level of HIV-related knowledge was low (58.9%, 10.6/18); 48.0% (650/1355) supported same-sex marriage; and 6.9% (93/1355) self-identified as homosexual or bisexual. The major factors associated with higher scores [mean ± standard deviation (s.d.)] in HIV knowledge among students included: having received school-based HIV education (11.47 ± 3.51 vs 9.02 ± 4.14, P < 0.05); support for same-sex marriage (11.69 ± 3.33 vs 9.49 ± 4.29, P < 0.05) and older age (11.61 ± 2.78 vs 9.87 ± 4.17, P < 0.05). Compared with females, males were significantly more likely (all P < 0.05) to report masturbation (60.7% vs 7.6%), pornography experiences (77.4% vs 35.3%), sexual encounters (24.6% vs 12.3%), casual sex (37.0% vs 18.1%) and sex under the influence of alcohol (29.5% vs 12.8%).
There is is still much room for improvement in terms of HIV/AIDS prevention and health education for Chinese young people, and more comprehensive and diverse models of education for HIV prevention are urgently needed.
背景 在中国，消除艾滋病病毒是一项公共卫生重点工作，但有报告称年轻人中的艾滋病病毒感染率有所上升。开展了一项全国性横断面调查，以评估15至24岁中国人对艾滋病病毒知识的知晓情况、对同性恋的态度以及性行为实践情况。
于2017年6月至8月进行面对面调查，收集中国高中生和大学生的社会人口学特征、艾滋病病毒相关知识、对同性恋的态度以及性行为实践方面的数据。采用广义线性模型（GLM）评估不同组之间艾滋病病毒知识的不同水平，并确定艾滋病病毒知识得分的关键影响因素。
73.6%（1355/1840）的受访学生完成了调查。艾滋病病毒相关知识的总体水平较低（58.9%，10.6/18）；48.0%（650/1355）的人支持同性婚姻；6.9%（93/1355）的人自我认定为同性恋或双性恋。学生中艾滋病病毒知识得分较高[均值±标准差（s.d.）]的主要相关因素包括：接受过学校艾滋病病毒教育（11.47±3.51对9.02±4.14，P<0.05）；支持同性婚姻（11.69±3.33对9.49±4.29，P<0.05）以及年龄较大（11.61±2.78对9.87±4.17，P<0.05）。与女性相比，男性报告手淫（60.7%对7.6%）、观看色情内容经历（77.4%对35.3%）、性接触（24.6%对12.3%）、一夜情（37.0%对18.1%）以及酒后性行为（29.5%对12.8%）的可能性显著更高（所有P<0.05）。
中国年轻人在艾滋病病毒/艾滋病预防和健康教育方面仍有很大改进空间，迫切需要更全面、多样的艾滋病预防教育模式。
