Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 9;11:628576. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.628576. eCollection 2020.
Mitochondria participate in immune regulation through various mechanisms, such as changes in the mitochondrial dynamics, as metabolic mediators of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, by the production of reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial DNA damage, among others. In recent years, studies have shown that extracellular vesicles are widely involved in intercellular communication and exert important effects on immune regulation. Recently, the immunoregulatory effects of mitochondria from extracellular vesicles have gained increasing attention. In this article, we review the mechanisms by which mitochondria participate in immune regulation and exert immunoregulatory effects upon delivery by extracellular vesicles. We also focus on the influence of the immunoregulatory effects of mitochondria from extracellular vesicles to further shed light on the underlying mechanisms.
线粒体通过多种机制参与免疫调节，例如通过线粒体动力学的变化、三羧酸循环的代谢介质、活性氧的产生和线粒体 DNA 损伤等。近年来的研究表明，细胞外囊泡广泛参与细胞间通讯，并对免疫调节发挥重要作用。最近，细胞外囊泡中的线粒体的免疫调节作用引起了越来越多的关注。在本文中，我们综述了线粒体参与免疫调节的机制以及通过细胞外囊泡传递时发挥免疫调节作用的机制。我们还重点关注了细胞外囊泡中的线粒体的免疫调节作用对进一步阐明潜在机制的影响。
