School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Res Nurs Health. 2021 Apr;44(2):319-328. doi: 10.1002/nur.22117. Epub 2021 Feb 26.
Efforts to decrease nurse-reported workplace bullying (WPB) is an interest among researchers, nursing leaders, and healthcare organizations. Varying conceptual definitions and measurement approaches of WPB, however, have created barriers for researchers to provide reliable and consistent information regarding WPB. In this paper, the authors aim to (1) evaluate the reliability and construct validity of the Short Negative Acts Questionnaire (SNAQ) in a sample of U.S. nurses working in hospitals located throughout Alabama, (2) determine targets and non-targets of WPB, and (3) evaluate the criterion validity of the SNAQ based on WPB classification. The internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the SNAQ in 943 Alabama registered nurses was evaluated using Cronbach's α and confirmatory factor analysis. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to explore the underlying structure of the SNAQ. Targets and non-targets of WPB were identified using latent class analysis of the SNAQ and by the self-labeling item. Agreement between the two methods was evaluated with Cohen's κ. Using both methods, the association between WPB classification and outcomes empirically associated with nurse-reported WPB was evaluated with random effects multiple logistic regression to determine criterion validity. The results indicate that the SNAQ is a reliable and valid instrument to explore WPB in a sample of U.S. registered nurses working in hospitals throughout Alabama.
减少护士报告的工作场所欺凌（WPB）是研究人员、护理领导者和医疗机构的关注重点。然而，WPB 的概念定义和测量方法存在差异，这为研究人员提供关于 WPB 的可靠和一致信息造成了障碍。在本文中，作者旨在：（1）评估短负面行为问卷（SNAQ）在阿拉巴马州各地医院工作的美国护士样本中的可靠性和结构有效性；（2）确定 WPB 的目标和非目标；（3）根据 WPB 分类评估 SNAQ 的效标效度。使用 Cronbach's α 和验证性因素分析评估了 943 名阿拉巴马州注册护士的 SNAQ 的内部一致性可靠性和结构有效性。使用探索性因子分析探讨了 SNAQ 的潜在结构。使用 SNAQ 的潜在类别分析和自我标记项目确定 WPB 的目标和非目标。使用 Cohen's κ 评估两种方法之间的一致性。使用这两种方法，使用随机效应多项逻辑回归评估 WPB 分类与与护士报告的 WPB 相关的结果之间的关联，以确定效标效度。结果表明，SNAQ 是一种可靠和有效的工具，可用于探索在阿拉巴马州各地医院工作的美国注册护士中的 WPB。
