School of Materials Science & Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Apr 26;50(8):5086-5125. doi: 10.1039/d1cs00056j.
Some infectious or malignant diseases such as cancers are seriously threatening the health of human beings all over the world. The commonly used antibiotic therapy cannot effectively treat these diseases within a short time, and also bring about adverse effects such as drug resistance and immune system damage during long-term systemic treatment. Phototherapy is an emerging antibiotic-free strategy to treat these diseases. Upon light irradiation, phototherapeutic agents can generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) or induce a temperature increase, which leads to the death of targeted cells. These two kinds of killing strategies are referred to as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), respectively. So far, many photo-responsive agents have been developed. Among them, the metal-organic framework (MOF) is becoming one of the most promising photo-responsive materials because its structure and chemical compositions can be easily modulated to achieve specific functions. MOFs can have intrinsic photodynamic or photothermal ability under the rational design of MOF construction, or serve as the carrier of therapeutic agents, owing to its tunable porosity. MOFs also provide feasibility for various combined therapies and targeting methods, which improves the efficiency of phototherapy. In this review, we firstly investigated the principles of phototherapy, and comprehensively summarized recent advances of MOF in PDT, PTT and synergistic therapy, from construction to modification. We expect that our demonstration will shed light on the future development of this field, and bring it one step closer to clinical trials.
一些传染性或恶性疾病，如癌症，严重威胁着全世界人类的健康。常用的抗生素治疗方法在短时间内无法有效地治疗这些疾病，而且在长期的系统治疗中还会带来耐药性和免疫系统损伤等不良反应。光疗是一种新兴的无抗生素策略，可用于治疗这些疾病。在光照射下，光疗剂可以产生细胞毒性活性氧（ROS）或引起温度升高，从而导致靶细胞死亡。这两种杀伤策略分别称为光动力疗法（PDT）和光热疗法（PTT）。到目前为止，已经开发出许多光响应性试剂。其中，金属有机骨架（MOF）由于其结构和化学成分可以很容易地被调节以实现特定的功能，因此成为最有前途的光响应材料之一。通过合理设计 MOF 结构，MOFs 可以在具有内在光动力或光热能力的情况下，或作为治疗剂的载体，由于其可调的孔隙率。MOFs 还为各种联合治疗和靶向方法提供了可行性，从而提高了光疗的效率。在这篇综述中，我们首先研究了光疗的原理，并全面总结了 MOF 在 PDT、PTT 和协同治疗方面的最新进展，从构建到修饰。我们希望我们的示范将为该领域的未来发展提供启示，并使其更接近临床试验。
