Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P. R. China, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021 May;65(9):e2001085. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202001085. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives 3-acetyl-DON (3-Ac-DON) and 15-acetyl-DON (15-Ac-DON) are important mycotoxins of concern in the modern food chain.
The present study reveals that the rate of de-acetylation in in vitro anaerobic fecal incubations decreased in the order rat > mouse > human > pig for 3-Ac-DON, and mouse > human > rat > pig for 15-Ac-DON. The ratio between the de-acetylation rate of 3-Ac-DON and 15-Ac-DON varies with the species. Scaling of the kinetic parameters to the in vivo situation results in catalytic efficiencies decreasing in the order human > rat > pig > mouse for 3-Ac-DON and human > pig > rat > mouse for 15-Ac-DON. The results obtained indicate that in mice, 3-Ac-DON can be fully deconjugated while 15-Ac-DON cannot. In rats, pigs, and humans, both 3-Ac-DON and 15-Ac-DON can be totally transformed by gut fecal microbiota during the estimated intestinal residence time. A correlation analysis between the deacetylation rate and the relative abundance of the microbiome suggests Lachnospiraceae may be involved in the deacetylation process.
It is concluded that interspecies differences in deacetylation of acetylated DONs exist but that in risk assessment assumption of complete intestinal deconjugation provides an adequate approach.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及其乙酰化衍生物 3-乙酰-DON（3-Ac-DON）和 15-乙酰-DON（15-Ac-DON）是现代食物链中重要的关注真菌毒素。
本研究表明，3-Ac-DON 在体外厌氧粪便孵育中的脱乙酰化速率按大鼠>小鼠>人>猪的顺序降低，而 15-Ac-DON 则为小鼠>人>大鼠>猪。3-Ac-DON 和 15-Ac-DON 的脱乙酰化速率之比随物种而异。将动力学参数外推到体内情况，导致催化效率按 3-Ac-DON 的人>大鼠>猪>小鼠和 15-Ac-DON 的人>猪>大鼠>小鼠的顺序降低。结果表明，在小鼠中，3-Ac-DON 可以完全去结合，而 15-Ac-DON 则不能。在大鼠、猪和人中，3-Ac-DON 和 15-Ac-DON 都可以在估计的肠道停留时间内被肠道粪便微生物群完全转化。脱乙酰化率与微生物组相对丰度之间的相关分析表明，lachnospiraceae 可能参与了脱乙酰化过程。
结论是，乙酰化 DON 脱乙酰化的种间差异确实存在，但在风险评估中假设完全肠道去结合提供了一种足够的方法。
