Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2021 Jun;1865(6):129886. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129886. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
In most sexually reproducing organisms, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited maternally.
In this review, we summarise recent knowledge on how paternal mitochondria and their mtDNA are selectively eliminated from embryos.
Studies based on Caenorhabditis elegans have revealed that paternal mitochondria and their mtDNA are selectively degraded in embryos via mitophagy. Thus, mitophagy functions as the mechanisms of maternal inheritance of mtDNA. The mitophagy of paternal mitochondria is conserved in other species, and the underlying molecular mechanisms have begun to be elucidated. In addition to mitophagy, autophagy-independent digestion of paternal mtDNA before and after fertilization serves as another mechanism for maternal inheritance of mtDNA.
Maternal inheritance of mtDNA is strictly controlled via multistep mechanisms. These studies also demonstrate a physiological role of mitophagy during animal development.
在大多数有性繁殖的生物中，线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）通过母系遗传。
在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于父系线粒体及其 mtDNA 如何从胚胎中被选择性清除的知识。
基于秀丽隐杆线虫的研究表明，通过线粒体自噬，胚胎中父系线粒体及其 mtDNA 被选择性降解。因此，线粒体自噬是 mtDNA 母系遗传的机制。其他物种中也存在父系线粒体的线粒体自噬，其潜在的分子机制已开始被阐明。除了线粒体自噬之外，受精前后非依赖于自噬的父系 mtDNA 的消化也作为 mtDNA 母系遗传的另一种机制。
mtDNA 的母系遗传通过多步机制严格控制。这些研究还表明，在线粒体自噬在动物发育过程中具有重要的生理作用。
