比较右美托咪定和乙酰丙嗪联合美沙酮在短头犬行短头犬气道阻塞综合征手术前的用药。

Comparison between dexmedetomidine and acepromazine in combination with methadone for premedication in brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgery for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome.

机构信息

University of Glasgow, School of Veterinary Medicine, Glasgow, UK.

出版信息

Vet Anaesth Analg. 2021 May;48(3):305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.09.008. Epub 2021 Jan 28.

DOI:10.1016/j.vaa.2020.09.008

PMID:33637411

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To compare dexmedetomidine with acepromazine for premedication combined with methadone in dogs undergoing brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) surgery.

STUDY DESIGN

Randomized, blinded clinical study.

ANIMALS

A group of 40 dogs weighing mean (± standard deviation) 10.5 ± 6 kg, aged 2.6 ± 1.9 years.

METHODS

Dogs received either acepromazine 20 μg kg (group A) or dexmedetomidine 2 μg kg (group D) intramuscularly with methadone 0.3 mg kg. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Sedation (0-18), induction (0-6) and recovery (0-5) qualities were scored. Propofol dose, hypotension incidence, mechanical ventilation requirement, extubation time, additional sedation, oxygen supplementation, regurgitation and emergency intubation following premedication or during recovery were recorded. Data were analysed using t tests, Mann-Whitney U or Chi-square tests.

RESULTS

Group A dogs were less sedated [median (range): 1.5 (0-12)] than group D [5 (1-18)] (p = 0.021) and required more propofol [3.5 (1-7) versus 2.4 (1-8) mg kg; p = 0.018]. Induction scores [group A: 5 (4-5); group D 5 (3-5)] (p = 0.989), recovery scores [group A 5 (4-5); group D 5(3-5)](p = 0.738) and anaesthesia duration [group A:93 (50-170); group D 96 (54-263) minutes] (p = 0.758) were similar between groups. Time to extubation was longer in group A 12.5 (3-35) versus group D 5.5 (0-15) minutes; (p = 0.005). During recovery, two dogs required emergency intubation (p > 0.99) and five dogs required additional sedation (p > 0.99). Oxygen supplementation was required in 16 and 12 dogs in group A and D, respectively (p = 0.167); no dogs in group A and one dog in group D regurgitated (p = 0.311).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Dexmedetomidine 2 μg kg produces more sedation but similar recovery quality to acepromazine 20 μg kg combined with methadone in dogs undergoing BOAS surgery.

摘要

目的

比较右美托咪定与乙酰丙嗪在接受短头畸形气道阻塞综合征（BOAS）手术的犬中作为术前用药与美沙酮联合应用的效果。

研究设计

随机、双盲临床研究。

动物

一组 40 只平均体重（±标准差）为 10.5 ± 6 kg、年龄 2.6 ± 1.9 岁的犬。

方法

犬肌肉注射 20μg/kg 乙酰丙嗪（A 组）或 2μg/kg 右美托咪定（D 组）联合 0.3mg/kg 美沙酮。用丙泊酚诱导麻醉，并用七氟醚维持。对镇静（0-18）、诱导（0-6）和恢复（0-5）评分。记录丙泊酚剂量、低血压发生率、机械通气需求、拔管时间、额外镇静、氧补充、反流和在术前或恢复期间需要紧急插管的情况。使用 t 检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验或卡方检验分析数据。

结果

A 组犬镇静程度低于 D 组[中位数（范围）：1.5（0-12）比 5（1-18）]（p=0.021），需要更多的丙泊酚[3.5（1-7）比 2.4（1-8）mg/kg；p=0.018]。诱导评分[A 组：5（4-5）；D 组 5（3-5）]（p=0.989）、恢复评分[A 组：5（4-5）；D 组 5（3-5）]（p=0.738）和麻醉持续时间[A 组：93（50-170）；D 组 96（54-263）分钟]（p=0.758）在两组间相似。A 组的拔管时间为 12.5（3-35）分钟，而 D 组为 5.5（0-15）分钟；（p=0.005）。在恢复期间，2 只犬需要紧急插管（p>0.99），5 只犬需要额外镇静（p>0.99）。A 组和 D 组分别有 16 只和 12 只犬需要吸氧（p=0.167）；A 组无犬反流，D 组有 1 只犬反流（p=0.311）。