Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2022 Jul;49(4):364-371. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.04.001. Epub 2022 Apr 11.
To investigate the effects of intramuscularly administered acepromazine or dexmedetomidine on buccal mucosa microcirculation in Beagle dogs.
Experimental, blinded, crossover study.
A group of seven Beagle dogs aged 7.5 ± 1.4 years (mean ± standard deviation).
Microcirculation was assessed on buccal mucosa using sidestream dark field videomicroscopy. After baseline measurements, 5 μg kg dexmedetomidine or 30 μg kg acepromazine were administered intramuscularly. After 10, 20 and 30 minutes, measurements were repeated. At 40 minutes after premedication, anaesthesia was induced with propofol intravenously and maintained with isoflurane. Measurements were repeated 50, 60 and 65 minutes after the injection of the investigated drugs. Analysed microcirculatory variables were: Perfused de Backer density, Perfused de Backer density of vessels < 20 μm, Proportion of perfused vessels and Proportion of perfused vessels < 20 μm. Heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures were recorded at the same time points. Macro- and microcirculatory variables were analysed using a linear mixed model with baseline as a covariate, treatment, trial period and repetition as fixed effects and time and dog as random effect. Results are presented as effect size and confidence interval; p values < 0.05 were considered significant.
After acepromazine, Perfused de Backer density was greater during sedation and anaesthesia [3.71 (1.93-5.48 mm mm, p < 0.0001) and 2.3 (0.86-3.75 mm mm, p < 0.003)], respectively, than after dexmedetomidine. HR was significantly lower, whereas MAP and DAP were significantly higher with dexmedetomidine during sedation and anaesthesia (p < 0.0001 for all) compared with acepromazine.
The sedative drugs tested exerted a significant effect on buccal mucosal microcirculation with a higher Perfused de Backer density after the administration of acepromazine compared with dexmedetomidine. This should be considered when microcirculation is evaluated using these drugs.
研究肌肉注射乙酰丙嗪或右美托咪定对比格犬颊黏膜微循环的影响。
实验性、双盲、交叉研究。
一组 7 只年龄为 7.5±1.4 岁（均值±标准差）的比格犬。
使用边流暗场视频显微镜评估颊黏膜微循环。在基线测量后，肌肉注射 5μg/kg 右美托咪定或 30μg/kg 乙酰丙嗪。在 10、20 和 30 分钟后重复测量。在预给药后 40 分钟，静脉注射异丙酚诱导麻醉，并以异氟烷维持。在注射研究药物后 50、60 和 65 分钟重复测量。分析的微循环变量包括：灌注德贝克密度、<20μm 的灌注德贝克密度、灌注血管的比例和<20μm 的灌注血管的比例。同时记录心率（HR）、收缩压、舒张压（DAP）和平均动脉压（MAP）。使用线性混合模型分析宏观和微循环变量，以基线作为协变量，治疗、试验期和重复作为固定效应，时间和狗作为随机效应。结果表示为效应大小和置信区间；p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
在使用乙酰丙嗪后，镇静和麻醉期间的灌注德贝克密度更高[3.71（1.93-5.48mm·mm，p<0.0001）和 2.3（0.86-3.75mm·mm，p<0.003）]，而在使用右美托咪定后则更低。镇静和麻醉期间，HR 显著降低，而 MAP 和 DAP 显著升高，与乙酰丙嗪相比，右美托咪定（p<0.0001 均）。
测试的镇静药物对颊黏膜微循环有显著影响，与右美托咪定相比，乙酰丙嗪给药后灌注德贝克密度更高。在使用这些药物评估微循环时应考虑到这一点。
