Sanmati Government College of Science Education and Research, Jagraon-142026, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, India.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2021;23(2):29-41. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2021037630.
Recent research focuses on exploring natural resources to improve the management of type 2 diabetes and to reduce the precarious health effects of synthetic drugs. This investigation aimed to appraise the antihyperglycemic potential of hydroalcoholic (70% ethanol) extracts of Inonotus pachyphloeus, Phellinus allardii, Ph. fastuosus, Ph. gilvus, Ph. sanfordii, and Ph. torulosus. Antihyperglycemic potential was screened using an in vitro inhibition of enzymatic starch digestion assay model. The amount of glucose liberation was determined using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method. Mushroom extracts showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of α-amyalse and α-glucosidase and a consequent decrease in glucose liberation. Extracts of Ph. fastuosus (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 27.33 ± 1.45 mg/mL) and Ph. sanfordii (IC50 = 30.33 ± 0.88 mg/mL) causing comparable inhibition of α-amyalse and α-glucosidase and decreased glucose liberation were evaluated in vivo through oral starch tolerance and oral glucose tolerance tests using Wistar albino rats. Acarbose (10 mg/kg body weight) was used as a positive control. The extracts of Ph. fastuosus and Ph. sanfordii (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight) showed a dose-dependent decrease in blood glucose concentration, and this decrease was greater in starch-fed rats than in glucose-loaded rats. Ph. fastuosus and Ph. sanfordii extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycemic peaks in rats challenged with excess starch and glucose. This decrease was statistically comparable to acarbose with Ph. fastuosus extract (400 mg/kg body weight). Thus, it may be concluded that the antihyperglycemic effect of Ph. fastuosus and Ph. sanfordii is mediated by inhibition of starch digestion (inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase). Hence, Ph. fastuosus and Ph. sanfordii can be developed as natural antidiabetic drugs after detailed pharmacological studies.
最近的研究重点是探索自然资源，以改善 2 型糖尿病的管理，并降低合成药物对健康的不稳定影响。本研究旨在评价云芝、厚环乳菇、裂蹄层孔菌、栗褐层孔菌、桑黄和鲍姆层孔菌的水醇（70%乙醇）提取物的降血糖潜力。采用体外抑制酶解淀粉消化模型筛选降血糖潜力。采用 3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测定葡萄糖释放量。蘑菇提取物对 α-淀粉酶和 α-葡萄糖苷酶具有浓度依赖性抑制作用，导致葡萄糖释放减少。Ph. fastuosus（半数最大抑制浓度 [IC50] = 27.33 ± 1.45 mg/mL）和 Ph. sanfordii（IC50 = 30.33 ± 0.88 mg/mL）的提取物对 α-淀粉酶和 α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用相当，并且降低了葡萄糖的释放，这两种提取物通过使用 Wistar 白化大鼠的口服淀粉耐量和口服葡萄糖耐量试验进行了体内评价。阿卡波糖（10 mg/kg 体重）用作阳性对照。Ph. fastuosus 和 Ph. sanfordii 的提取物（100、200 和 400 mg/kg 体重）显示出血糖浓度的剂量依赖性降低，在淀粉喂养的大鼠中比在葡萄糖负荷的大鼠中降低更明显。Ph. fastuosus 和 Ph. sanfordii 提取物（200 和 400 mg/kg 体重）可显著降低过量淀粉和葡萄糖负荷大鼠的餐后高血糖峰值。这种降低在统计学上与阿卡波糖相当，Ph. fastuosus 提取物（400 mg/kg 体重）也是如此。因此，可以得出结论，Ph. fastuosus 和 Ph. sanfordii 的降血糖作用是通过抑制淀粉消化（抑制 α-淀粉酶和 α-葡萄糖苷酶）介导的。因此，Ph. fastuosus 和 Ph. sanfordii 可以在经过详细的药理学研究后开发为天然抗糖尿病药物。
