CIWEC Hospital and Travel Medicine Center, Lainchaur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021 Mar-Apr;40:101999. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.101999. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
Nepal has always been a popular international travel destination. There is limited published data, however, on the spectrum of illnesses acquired by travellers to Nepal.
GeoSentinel is a global data collection network of travel and tropical medicine providers that monitors travel-related morbidity. Records for ill travellers with at least one confirmed or probable diagnosis, were extracted from the GeoSentinel database for the CIWEC Clinic Kathmandu site from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2017.
A total of 24,271 records were included. The median age was 30 years (range: 0-91); 54% were female. The top 3 system-based diagnoses in travellers were: gastrointestinal (32%), pulmonary (16%), and dermatologic (9%). Altitude illness comprised 9% of all diagnoses. There were 278 vaccine-preventable diseases, most frequently influenza A (41%) and typhoid fever (19%; S. typhi 52 and S. paratyphi 62). Of 64 vector-borne illnesses, dengue was the most frequent (64%), followed by imported malaria (14%). There was a single traveller with Japanese encephalitis. Six deaths were reported.
Travellers to Nepal face a wide spectrum of illnesses, particularly diarrhoea, respiratory disease, and altitude illness. Pre-travel consultations for travellers to Nepal should focus on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea and altitude illness, along with appropriate immunizations and travel advice.
尼泊尔一直是国际热门旅游目的地。然而，关于旅行者在尼泊尔感染疾病的种类，目前仅有有限的已发表数据。
GeoSentinel 是一个全球性的旅行和热带医学提供者数据收集网络，用于监测与旅行相关的发病率。本研究从 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2017 年 12 月 31 日，从 GeoSentinel 数据库中提取了至少有一个确诊或疑似诊断的旅行者的记录。
共纳入 24271 例旅行者。中位年龄为 30 岁（范围：0-91 岁）；54%为女性。旅行者中基于系统的前 3 位诊断为：胃肠道疾病（32%）、肺部疾病（16%）和皮肤疾病（9%）。高原病占所有诊断的 9%。共有 278 种可通过疫苗预防的疾病，最常见的是流感 A（41%）和伤寒（19%；S. typhi 52 和 S. paratyphi 62）。在 64 种虫媒病中，登革热最常见（64%），其次是输入性疟疾（14%）。有 1 例旅行者患有日本脑炎。报告了 6 例死亡。
前往尼泊尔的旅行者面临着广泛的疾病，特别是腹泻、呼吸道疾病和高原病。前往尼泊尔旅行者的旅行前咨询应重点关注腹泻和高原病的预防和治疗，以及适当的免疫接种和旅行建议。
