Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Autoimmun. 2021 May;119:102627. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102627. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
Marginal zone (MZ) B cells comprise a subset of innate-like B cells found predominantly in the spleen, but also in lymph nodes and blood. Their principal functions are participation in quick responses to blood-borne pathogens and secretion of natural antibodies. The latter is important for housekeeping functions such as clearance of apoptotic cell debris. MZ B cells have B cell receptors with low poly-/self-reactivity, but they are not pathogenic at steady state. However, if simultaneously stimulated with self-antigen and pathogen- and/or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs), MZ B cells may participate in the initial steps towards breakage of immunological tolerance. This review summarizes what is known about the role of MZ B cells in autoimmunity, both in mouse models and human disease. We cover factors important for shaping the MZ B cell compartment, how the functional properties of MZ B cells may contribute to breaking tolerance, and how MZ B cells are being regulated.
边缘区（MZ）B 细胞是固有样 B 细胞的一个亚群，主要存在于脾脏，但也存在于淋巴结和血液中。它们的主要功能是参与对血液传播病原体的快速反应和天然抗体的分泌。后者对于维持细胞凋亡碎片的清除等管家功能很重要。MZ B 细胞具有低多反应性/自身反应性的 B 细胞受体，但在稳态下它们没有致病性。然而，如果同时受到自身抗原和病原体/或损伤相关分子模式（PAMPs/DAMPs）的刺激，MZ B 细胞可能会参与打破免疫耐受的初始步骤。这篇综述总结了 MZ B 细胞在自身免疫中的作用，包括在小鼠模型和人类疾病中的作用。我们涵盖了影响 MZ B 细胞区室形成的重要因素、MZ B 细胞的功能特性如何有助于打破耐受以及 MZ B 细胞是如何被调控的。
