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脑回脑的类淋巴途径。

Glymphatic pathways in the gyrencephalic brain.

作者信息

Bèchet Nicholas Burdon, Shanbhag Nagesh C, Lundgaard Iben

机构信息

Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

出版信息

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2021 Sep;41(9):2264-2279. doi: 10.1177/0271678X21996175. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Abstract

Identification of the perivascular compartment as the point of exchange between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid mediating solute clearance in the brain, named the glymphatic system, has emerged as an important clearance pathway for neurotoxic peptides such as amyloid-beta. However, the foundational science of the glymphatic system is based on rodent studies. Here we investigated whether the glymphatic system exists in a large mammal with a highly gyrified brain. CSF penetration into the brain via perivascular pathways, a hallmark of glymphatic function, was seen throughout the gyrencephalic cortex and subcortical structures, validating the conservation of the glymphatic system in a large mammal. Macroscopic CSF tracer distribution followed the sulci and fissures showing that these folds enhance CSF dispersion. Three-dimensional renditions from light sheet microscopy showed a PVS influx density 4-fold larger in the pig brain than in mice. This demonstrates the existence of an advanced solute transport system in the gyrencephalic brain that could be utilised therapeutically for enhancing waste clearance.

摘要

血管周围间隙被确定为脑脊液(CSF)与间质液之间的交换点,介导大脑中的溶质清除,这一系统被称为类淋巴系统,已成为清除诸如β-淀粉样蛋白等神经毒性肽的重要途径。然而,类淋巴系统的基础科学是基于啮齿动物研究的。在此,我们研究了类淋巴系统是否存在于大脑高度回旋的大型哺乳动物中。通过血管周围途径使脑脊液渗透到大脑中,这是类淋巴功能的一个标志,在脑回皮质和皮质下结构中均可见到,证实了类淋巴系统在大型哺乳动物中的保守性。宏观脑脊液示踪剂分布沿着脑沟和脑裂,表明这些褶皱增强了脑脊液的扩散。光片显微镜的三维再现显示,猪脑中的血管周围空间流入密度比小鼠大4倍。这证明了在脑回大脑中存在一种先进的溶质转运系统,可用于治疗以增强废物清除。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ca1a/8393296/80b9aac48920/10.1177_0271678X21996175-fig1.jpg

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