State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
Food Res Int. 2021 Mar;141:110129. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110129. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
Rats were fed a high-fat diet and treated with acrylamide (21 mg/kg BW), harmane (7 mg/kg BW), N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML; 10 mg/kg BW), or the co-accumulation of the three chemicals to investigate the effects of harmful Maillard reaction products (MRPs) generated by heat processing of potatoes. Damage to the liver, kidney, gastrocnemius, and nervous system was confirmed by serum biochemical testing and histopathology examination after six weeks of feeding. Serum metabolomic analysis was performed using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). The metabolites detected by GC-TOF-MS were processed using chemometric techniques, and the results were evaluated using a t-test (p < 0.05) and calculated variable importance in projection (VIP) value (>1.5). Significant changes (increase or decrease) were identified in 13 metabolites, compared with the control. These metabolites were gluconolactone, tyrosol, 5-hydroxytryptophan, erythrose 4-phosphate, quinolinic acid, 2-ketobutyric acid, tyrosine, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, desaminotyrosine, L-cysteine, ribonic acid, cysteamine, and tryptophan. Among these, cysteamine and tryptophan are metabolites unique to the co-accumulation of all three test compounds in the treated rats. This study demonstrates that these harmful MRPs exert toxic effects on the liver, kidney, and nervous system via different metabolic pathways. Moreover, co-accumulation of these harmful MRPs caused differing toxic effects and changes in a variety of metabolites. These changes may contribute to the interaction of those harmful MRPs and also affect toxicity at the metabolic level.
大鼠喂食高脂肪饮食，并接受丙烯酰胺（21mg/kgBW）、哈尔满（7mg/kgBW）、N-（羧甲基）赖氨酸（CML；10mg/kgBW）或三种化学物质的共同积累处理，以研究由马铃薯热加工产生的有害美拉德反应产物（MRPs）的影响。经过六周的喂养，通过血清生化测试和组织病理学检查确认了肝、肾、腓肠肌和神经系统的损伤。使用气相色谱飞行时间质谱（GC-TOF-MS）进行血清代谢组学分析。使用化学计量学技术处理 GC-TOF-MS 检测到的代谢物，并使用 t 检验（p<0.05）和计算变量重要性投影（VIP）值（>1.5）评估结果。与对照组相比，鉴定出 13 种代谢物发生了显著变化（增加或减少）。这些代谢物为葡萄糖酸内酯、酪醇、5-羟色氨酸、赤藓糖 4-磷酸、喹啉酸、2-酮丁酸、酪氨酸、3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸、脱氨基酪氨酸、L-半胱氨酸、核糖酸、半胱胺、色氨酸。其中，半胱胺和色氨酸是三种测试化合物共同积累的大鼠中特有的代谢物。本研究表明，这些有害的 MRPs 通过不同的代谢途径对肝、肾和神经系统产生毒性作用。此外，这些有害的 MRPs 的共同积累导致了不同的毒性作用和多种代谢物的变化。这些变化可能有助于那些有害的 MRPs 的相互作用，并在代谢水平上影响毒性。
