Hamed Amira M Abd-El, Kamel Eman R
Economics and Farm Management, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt.
Vet World. 2021 Jan;14(1):242-249. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.242-249. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Milk yield (MY) is one of the main factors that affect the economic profitability of dairy farms. Thus, increasing the MY per animal and decreasing the feed cost can lead to economic gains, so the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dry period length (DPL), days open (DO), and days in milk (DIM) on the productivity and profitability of dairy cow farms.
Data used in this study were taken from 3095 lactation records of Friesian dairy cows of private and governmental sectors. The data were classified into 4 DPL categories: DPL <45 days; DPL 45-60 days; DPL 61-75 days, and DPL >75 days, 3 DO categories: DO ≤90 days; DO 91-110 days and DO >111 days, and 8 DIM categories: DIM 180-210 days; DIM 211-240 days; DIM 241-270 days; DIM 271-300 days; DIM 301-330 days; DIM 331-360 days; DIM 361-447 days; and DIM >447 days.
The average net profit (NP) was significantly different (p<0.05) among different categories of DPL, DO, and DIM in both production sectors, where high estimates of NP were calculated for DPL (30667.3 EGP), and it was the lowest for DPL (19690.6 EGP). DO had the highest NP (30754.1 EGP), while DO had the lowest NP (24875.5 EGP). DIM had the highest NP (29569.3 EGP), while DIM had the lowest NP (19528.4 EGP).
Finally, we can conclude that DPL 61-75 days, DO 91-110 days, and DIM 241-270 days had the highest level of total MY, total return, and NP. Private dairy cow farms achieve a higher level of NP than governmental ones under subtropical Egyptian conditions.
产奶量（MY）是影响奶牛场经济效益的主要因素之一。因此，提高每头奶牛的产奶量并降低饲料成本可带来经济收益，所以本研究的目的是评估干奶期长度（DPL）、空怀天数（DO）和泌乳天数（DIM）对奶牛场生产力和盈利能力的影响。
本研究使用的数据来自私营和政府部门的3095头弗里西亚奶牛的泌乳记录。数据被分为4个DPL类别：DPL<45天；DPL 45 - 60天；DPL 61 - 75天，以及DPL>75天，3个DO类别：DO≤90天；DO 91 - 110天和DO>111天，和8个DIM类别：DIM 180 - 210天；DIM 211 - 240天；DIM 241 - 270天；DIM 271 - 300天；DIM 301 - 330天；DIM 331 - 360天；DIM 361 - 447天；以及DIM>447天。
两个生产部门中，不同类别的DPL、DO和DIM之间的平均净利润（NP）存在显著差异（p<0.05），其中DPL（30667.3埃及镑）的NP估计值较高，而DPL（19690.6埃及镑）的NP估计值最低。DO的NP最高（30754.1埃及镑），而DO的NP最低（24875.5埃及镑）。DIM的NP最高（29569.3埃及镑），而DIM的NP最低（19528.4埃及镑）。
最后，我们可以得出结论，DPL为61 - 75天、DO为91 - 110天以及DIM为241 - 270天时，总产奶量、总回报和净利润水平最高。在埃及亚热带条件下，私营奶牛场的净利润水平高于政府奶牛场。
