Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno,Czech Republic.
Physiol Res. 2020 Dec 31;69(Suppl 4):S607-S618. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934609.
Diclofenac is a drug commonly used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and pain. Medicinal products enter waste and surface waters on an everyday basis and contaminate the aquatic environment. Fish are therefore permanently exposed to these chemicals dissolved in their aquatic environment. To simulate variable environmental conditions, the aim of our study was to examine adverse effects of diclofenac under different temperatures of cell incubation (18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 °C). Cyto-toxic and -static effects of diclofenac in concentrations of 0.001 mcg/ml, 0.01 microg/ml, 0.1 mcg/ml, 1 mcg/ml, 10 mcg/ml and 100 mcg/ml for the carp (Cyprinuscarpio) cultured leukocytes were quantified using detection of lactate dehydrogenase released from damaged cells. Overall DCF cytotoxicity was relatively low and its impact was pronounced at higher temperature and DCF concentration. Cells growth inhibition is changing more rapidly but it is high mainly at the highest concentration from low temperature. DNA fragmentation was not detected in tested leukocyte cell line. CYP450 increased diclofenac cytotoxicity only at the highest concentration but at incubation temperatures 18 and 27 °C. Leukocyte viability is essential for immune functions and any change can lead to reduction of resistance against pathogens, mainly in cold year seasons, when the immune system is naturally suppressed.
双氯芬酸是一种常用于人类和兽医医学的药物，用于治疗与炎症和疼痛相关的疾病。药品每天都会进入废水和地表水，污染水生环境。因此，鱼类会永久暴露在溶解在其水生环境中的这些化学物质中。为了模拟不同的环境条件，我们的研究旨在研究双氯芬酸在不同细胞孵育温度（18、21、24、27 和 30°C）下的不良影响。使用从受损细胞释放的乳酸脱氢酶检测法，量化了浓度为 0.001 mcg/ml、0.01 mcg/ml、0.1 mcg/ml、1 mcg/ml、10 mcg/ml 和 100 mcg/ml 的双氯芬酸对鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）培养白细胞的细胞毒性和细胞静态作用。总体而言，DCF 的细胞毒性相对较低，在较高温度和 DCF 浓度下，其影响更为明显。细胞生长抑制的变化更快，但主要在低温下的最高浓度下变化较大。在测试的白细胞细胞系中未检测到 DNA 片段化。CYP450 仅在最高浓度下增加了双氯芬酸的细胞毒性，但在 18 和 27°C 的孵育温度下。白细胞活力对于免疫功能至关重要，任何变化都可能导致对病原体的抵抗力降低，特别是在免疫系统自然受到抑制的寒冷季节。
