Meinrath A B, Flaherty C F
Rutgers University.
Am J Psychol. 1988 Spring;101(1):87-96.
Rats shifted from 32% to 4% sucrose consume less 4% sucrose than animals that experience only the 4% solution. Previous experiments have suggested that a stress/emotional factor may be causally related to this negative contrast effect on the second postshift day, but not on the first postshift day. The present experiment was concerned with the possibility that contrast on the first postshift day is related to a neophobic response to the postshift solution. Results showed that giving animals experience with variously flavored (seven different flavors) 32% sucrose during the preshift period reduced degree of contrast when the animals were shifted to 4% sucrose. These data are considered in terms of solution novelty, specific loss of "sweetness", and caloric loss as contributors to negative contrast.
从32%蔗糖溶液转换到4%蔗糖溶液的大鼠，比起只经历4%蔗糖溶液的动物，消耗的4%蔗糖更少。先前的实验表明，在转换后的第二天，应激/情绪因素可能与这种负性对比效应存在因果关系，但在转换后的第一天则不然。本实验关注的是转换后第一天的对比是否与对转换后溶液的新物恐惧反应有关。结果显示，在转换前阶段让动物接触不同口味（七种不同口味）的32%蔗糖溶液，可降低动物转换到4%蔗糖溶液时的对比程度。这些数据从溶液新奇性、“甜味”的特定丧失以及热量损失等方面进行考量，认为它们是导致负性对比的因素。
