School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China.
Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jul;275:129996. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129996. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Nickel (Ni) has been a subject of interest for environmental, physiological, biological scientists due to its dual effect (toxicity and essentiality) in terrestrial biota. In general, the safer limit of Ni is 1.5 μg g in plants and 75-150 μg g in soil. Litreature review indicates that Ni concentrations have been estimated up to 26 g kg in terrestrial, and 0.2 mg L in aquatic resources. In case of vegetables and fruits, mean Ni content has been reported in the range of 0.08-0.26 and 0.03-0.16 mg kg. Considering, Ni toxicity and its potential health hazards, there is an urgent need to find out the suitable remedial approaches. Plant vascular (>80%) and cortical (<20%) tissues are the major sequestration site (cation exchange) of absorbed Ni. Deciphering molecular mechanisms in transgenic plants have immense potential for enhancing Ni phytoremediation and microbial remediation efficiency. Further, it has been suggested that integrated bioremediation approaches have a potential futuristic path for Ni decontamination in natural resources. This systematic review provides insight on Ni effects on terrestrial biota including human and further explores its transportation, bioaccumulation through food chain contamination, human health hazards, and possible Ni remediation approaches.
镍（Ni）由于其在陆地生物群中的双重作用（毒性和必需性），一直是环境、生理和生物科学家关注的课题。一般来说，Ni 在植物中的安全限量为 1.5μg/g，在土壤中的安全限量为 75-150μg/g。文献综述表明，陆地资源中 Ni 浓度估计高达 26g/kg，水生资源中 Ni 浓度为 0.2mg/L。就蔬菜和水果而言，报道的 Ni 平均含量范围为 0.08-0.26 和 0.03-0.16mg/kg。考虑到 Ni 的毒性及其潜在的健康危害，迫切需要找到合适的补救方法。植物的维管束（>80%）和皮质（<20%）组织是吸收的 Ni 的主要隔离（阳离子交换）部位。在转基因植物中解析分子机制对于提高 Ni 植物修复和微生物修复效率具有巨大的潜力。此外，有人建议，综合生物修复方法为自然资源中 Ni 的净化提供了潜在的未来路径。本系统综述提供了 Ni 对陆地生物群（包括人类）的影响的见解，并进一步探讨了 Ni 通过食物链污染的迁移、生物累积、对人类健康的危害以及可能的 Ni 修复方法。
