Huerta-Lwanga Esperanza, Mendoza-Vega Jorge, Ribeiro Oriana, Gertsen Henny, Peters Piet, Geissen Violette
Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Campeche, Av. Rancho Polígono 2-A, Ciudad Industrial Lerma, Campeche C.P. 24500, Mexico.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Feb 26;13(5):703. doi: 10.3390/polym13050703.
Polylactic acid (PLA) bioplastic was introduced to the market as an environmentally friendly potential solution for plastic pollution. However, the effects of bioplastic debris mixed with composts on soil macroinvertebrates, plant growth and soil conditions are still unknown. Soil macroinvertebrates are soil health indicators. A reduction in their abundance is a sign of soil degradation. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess PLA debris in greenhouse composts, and (ii) to test the ecotoxicological effects of PLA debris mixed with compost on , a soil organism model, and on a plant growth model. The study was comprised of three stages: (1) determine the PLA debris size distribution in composts; (2) assess the ecotoxicological effects of real-world concentrations (0% to 5%) of PLA mixed with compost on earthworm mortality and reproduction; and (3) assess the influence of compost mixed with real-world PLA concentrations on plant growth and physicochemical soil conditions. One percent of PLA debris was found in green composts, 40% of composted PLA debris measured between 1-10 mm, with a concentration of 82.8 ± 17.4 microplastics.gram compost. A concentration of 1% PLA in composts resulted in significant mortality in earthworms. No significant effects of PLA mixed with composts were observed on plant growth or soil physicochemical conditions. Further studies are required in order to test the effect of this biopolymer on different earthworm and plant' species.
聚乳酸（PLA）生物塑料作为一种解决塑料污染的环保潜在方案被引入市场。然而，生物塑料碎片与堆肥混合后对土壤大型无脊椎动物、植物生长和土壤状况的影响仍不明确。土壤大型无脊椎动物是土壤健康指标。其数量减少是土壤退化的一个迹象。本研究的目的是：（i）评估温室堆肥中的聚乳酸碎片；（ii）测试聚乳酸碎片与堆肥混合对一种土壤生物模型和一种植物生长模型的生态毒理学影响。该研究包括三个阶段：（1）确定堆肥中聚乳酸碎片的大小分布；（2）评估实际浓度（0%至5%）的聚乳酸与堆肥混合对蚯蚓死亡率和繁殖的生态毒理学影响；（3）评估实际聚乳酸浓度的堆肥混合对植物生长和土壤理化条件的影响。在绿色堆肥中发现了1%的聚乳酸碎片，40%的堆肥聚乳酸碎片尺寸在1 - 10毫米之间，浓度为82.8±17.4微塑料/克堆肥。堆肥中1%的聚乳酸浓度导致蚯蚓显著死亡。未观察到聚乳酸与堆肥混合对植物生长或土壤理化条件有显著影响。需要进一步研究来测试这种生物聚合物对不同蚯蚓和植物物种的影响。
