Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Parasit Vectors. 2021 Mar 2;14(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04642-4.
Schistosomiasis is a highly prevalent parasitic disease that can lead to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. To our knowledge, there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of schistosomiasis during pregnancy.
We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Relevant published studies were searched in international databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar), from their inception until May 31, 2020. The retrieved studies were assessed for quality using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. OpenMeta Analyst software was used for the statistical analysis.
Thirty-two studies enrolling 21024 pregnant women were included in this meta-analysis. All 32 of these studies were conducted in Africa. Of these studies, 19, 11, and 2 investigated S. mansoni, S. haematobium, and combined S. mansoni and S. haematobium infections, respectively. The pooled prevalence estimate of schistosomiasis during pregnancy was 13.2% (95 CI 11.0-15.4). A random model was used because of high heterogeneity (Q = 99.14; P < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, the pooled prevalence estimate of S. haematobium was significantly higher than the pooled prevalence estimates of S. mansoni [22.5% (95% CI 1.6-43.5) vs 8.7% (95% CI 6.0-11.3, P = 0.016), respectively]. The results of meta-regression analyses showed a non-significant difference in the prevalence of schistosomiasis during pregnancy according to the study sample sizes and year of publication. Only six studies evaluated the association between schistosomiasis during pregnancy and anemia. Schistosomiasis was associated with anemia in these six studies (OR = 3.02, 95% = 1.25‒7.28, P = 0.014).
The present meta-analysis suggests that schistosomiasis during pregnancy is an existing health problem. This meta-analysis also highlights the lack of data on the determinants and outcomes of schistosomiasis during pregnancy. Preventive measures are needed and could be part of antenatal care in areas endemic with schistosomiasis.
血吸虫病是一种高度流行的寄生虫病，可导致不良的母婴和围产期结局。据我们所知，目前尚无针对妊娠期间血吸虫病的系统评价和荟萃分析。
我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南。从国际数据库（PubMed、Science Direct、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar）中检索了从成立到 2020 年 5 月 31 日的相关已发表研究。使用改良的纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估检索到的研究的质量。使用 OpenMeta Analyst 软件进行统计分析。
这项荟萃分析纳入了 32 项纳入 21024 名孕妇的研究。所有 32 项研究均在非洲进行。其中 19 项、11 项和 2 项分别研究了曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫与埃及血吸虫混合感染。妊娠期间血吸虫病的总患病率估计为 13.2%（95%CI 11.0-15.4）。由于高度异质性（Q = 99.14；P < 0.001），因此使用随机模型。在亚组分析中，埃及血吸虫的总患病率明显高于曼氏血吸虫的总患病率[22.5%（95%CI 1.6-43.5）与 8.7%（95%CI 6.0-11.3，P = 0.016）]。荟萃回归分析结果表明，妊娠期间血吸虫病的患病率与研究样本量和发表年份无关。只有 6 项研究评估了妊娠期间血吸虫病与贫血之间的关系。这 6 项研究表明，妊娠期间感染血吸虫病与贫血有关（OR = 3.02，95%CI = 1.25-7.28，P = 0.014）。
本荟萃分析表明，妊娠期间的血吸虫病是一个存在的健康问题。该荟萃分析还强调了缺乏关于妊娠期间血吸虫病决定因素和结局的相关数据。需要采取预防措施，并且可以将其作为流行地区的产前保健的一部分。
