Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):1040. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09926-5.
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects over 250 million people, predominantly in impoverished communities, including those in Ethiopia. However, there is currently no available national data regarding its prevalence in Ethiopia or its potential association with anemia.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-2020) guideline was followed in our study. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted using international databases (PUB Med, Embase, Scopus, and Science Direct) and websites (Google Scholar and Google) from their date of inception to April 22, 2024. The quality of the retrieved studies was assessed using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias and statistical heterogeneity were statistically assessed. A random effects model was applied, and all analysis was performed with STATA 17 statistical software.
The prevalence of schistosomiasis was assessed in twelve studies with 5747 participants. S. mansoni was studied in 11 research papers, while S. hematobium was assessed in one study. Using a random effect model due to high heterogeneity (I2 = 98.46%; P < 0.001), the overall pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in Ethiopia was 22% (95% CI: 14.3, 29.6). The prevalence of schistosomiasis was about two and a half times higher in rural settings (23%) (95% CI: 15, 31) than in urban areas (10%) (95% CI: 3, 17). The burden of schistosomiasis was 23% between 2020 and 2024, compared to 16% from 2015-2019, with a higher prevalence among pediatric age groups (22%) versus 14% in mixed pediatric and adult age groups. The magnitude of schistosomiasis for good and very good-quality papers was 22% and 17%, respectively. In all the subgroup analyses, there was considerable statistically significant heterogeneity. No study was found to evaluate the association of schistosomiasis with anemia.
The study reveals Ethiopia's higher schistosomiasis prevalence. Rural areas have a high burden of schistosomiasis. No eligible study was found to evaluate the association of schistosomiasis with anemia. Therefore, prevention and control measures should focus on rural settings.
The registration number at PROSPERO is CRD42024538522.
血吸虫病是一种被忽视的热带病，影响着 2.5 亿多人，主要集中在贫困社区，包括埃塞俄比亚。然而，目前尚无关于埃塞俄比亚血吸虫病流行情况及其与贫血潜在关联的国家数据。
本研究遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA-2020）指南。使用国际数据库（PUB Med、Embase、Scopus 和 Science Direct）和网站（Google Scholar 和 Google）进行了全面的搜索策略，搜索时间从成立日期到 2024 年 4 月 22 日。使用改编版的纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估检索研究的质量。评估了发表偏倚和统计异质性。应用随机效应模型，所有分析均使用 STATA 17 统计软件进行。
在 12 项研究中评估了 5747 名参与者的血吸虫病患病率。11 项研究评估了 S. mansoni，一项研究评估了 S. hematobium。由于高度异质性（I2=98.46%；P<0.001），使用随机效应模型，埃塞俄比亚血吸虫病的总体汇总患病率为 22%（95%CI：14.3，29.6）。农村地区（23%）（95%CI：15，31）的血吸虫病患病率约为城市地区（10%）（95%CI：3，17）的两倍半。2020 年至 2024 年，血吸虫病负担为 23%，而 2015 年至 2019 年为 16%，儿科年龄组的患病率较高（22%），而混合儿科和成年年龄组为 14%。高质量和很好质量论文的血吸虫病严重程度分别为 22%和 17%。在所有亚组分析中，均存在相当大的统计学显著异质性。没有研究评估血吸虫病与贫血的关联。
该研究揭示了埃塞俄比亚较高的血吸虫病流行率。农村地区的血吸虫病负担较高。没有找到合适的研究来评估血吸虫病与贫血的关联。因此，预防和控制措施应侧重于农村地区。
PROSPERO 注册号为 CRD42024538522。
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