Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
Food Microbiol. 2021 Aug;97:103758. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103758. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes a life-threatening disease in humans known as listeriosis. Contamination of food during processing is the main route of transmission of Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, biocides play a crucial role in food processing environments as they act as the first line of defense in the prevention and control of L. monocytogenes. Residues of biocides may be present at sublethal concentrations after disinfection. This, unfortunately, subjects L. monocytogenes to selection pressure, giving rise to tolerant strains, which pose a threat to food safety and public health. This review will give a brief description of L. monocytogenes, the clinical manifestation, treatment of listeriosis as well as recently recorded outbreaks. The article will then discuss the current literature on the ability of L. monocytogenes strains to tolerate biocides especially quaternary ammonium compounds as well as the mechanisms of tolerance towards biocides including the activation of efflux pump systems.
李斯特菌是一种食源性病原体，可导致人类罹患李斯特菌病，这是一种危及生命的疾病。在加工过程中，食品受到污染是李斯特菌传播的主要途径。因此，杀生剂在食品加工环境中起着至关重要的作用，因为它们是预防和控制李斯特菌的第一道防线。在消毒后，杀生剂可能会以亚致死浓度残留。不幸的是，这使李斯特菌承受选择压力，导致耐受菌株的出现，对食品安全和公共健康构成威胁。本综述将简要描述李斯特菌、临床表现、李斯特菌病的治疗以及最近记录的暴发情况。然后，文章将讨论关于李斯特菌菌株耐受杀生剂（特别是季铵化合物）的能力以及对杀生剂的耐受机制的现有文献，包括外排泵系统的激活。
