Glas Saskia, Spierings Niels
Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Montessorilaan 3, 6500, HD, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Soc Sci Res. 2021 Mar;95:102533. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102533. Epub 2021 Jan 24.
Public debates portray Arab Muslims as universally opposed to homosexuality due to Islam. Those Orientalist claims are mirrored by large-scale studies that argue Muslims oppose homosexuality more than non-Muslims. We argue that assuming religion and opposition to homosexuality are unidimensional concepts obscures how they relate to each other and why; we study both "religiosity" and "opposition to homosexuality" multidimensionally. WVS data on 9000 Arab Muslims show, first, that although most respondents reject both homosexuality and homosexuals, one in five reject homosexuality but do not object to having homosexual neighbors. A substantial minority of Arab Muslims thus "hate the sin but love the sinner". Multilevel analyses show that stronger religious attachment increases opposition to homosexuality and homosexual people. However, all other dimensions of religiosity we study (textualism, mosque attendance, and altruism) also reduce some oppositions. Consequently, the argument that Arab Muslims' religiosity only leads to opposition to homosexuality is too simplistic.
公开辩论将阿拉伯穆斯林描绘成由于伊斯兰教而普遍反对同性恋。那些东方主义的观点在大规模研究中得到呼应，这些研究认为穆斯林比非穆斯林更反对同性恋。我们认为，假设宗教和对同性恋的反对是一维概念，会掩盖它们之间的关系以及原因；我们从多维度研究“宗教虔诚度”和“对同性恋的反对”。世界价值观调查关于9000名阿拉伯穆斯林的数据首先表明，尽管大多数受访者既拒绝同性恋行为也拒绝同性恋者，但五分之一的人拒绝同性恋行为却不反对有同性恋邻居。因此，相当一部分阿拉伯穆斯林“恨罪但爱罪人”。多层次分析表明，更强的宗教依恋会增加对同性恋行为和同性恋者的反对。然而，我们研究的宗教虔诚度的所有其他维度（拘泥于字面教义、参加清真寺活动和利他主义）也会减少一些反对。因此，认为阿拉伯穆斯林的宗教虔诚度只会导致对同性恋行为的反对这种观点过于简单化。
