Dégboé Bérénice, Koudoukpo Christiane, Habib Akimath, Kouassi Alida, Djodjo Masudi, Akpadjan Fabrice, Adégbidi Hugues, Atadokpèdé Félix
Service de Dermatologie-Vénérologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire de Cotonou, Université d´Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin.
Service de Dermatologie-Vénérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou-Alibori, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Bénin.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Dec 2;37:303. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.303.20997. eCollection 2020.
scalp disorders are related to several factors including ethnicity, gender or age. In black people, they can be caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Very few studies have been conducted in this ethnic group residing in black Africa, hence the purpose of our survey was to highlight the epidemiological and clinical features of age-sex-specific scalp disorders in patients treated in a dermatology department in Cotonou (Benin).
we conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of all the medical records of new patients coming to consultation in the dermatology department at the National Hospital and University Center (CNHU) of Cotonou over a period of seven years. The main reason for consultation was scalp disorder. Data on epidemiological and clinical features were collected and analyzed with the EPI-Info 7 software.
prevalence of scalp disorders was 2.4% (181/7554). Children (0-18 years) accounted for 38.7% (70 patients) and adults 61.3% (111 patients). Children aged 0-10 (54; 29.8%) and adults aged 25-40 (51; 28,2%) were the most affected. Sex ratio was 1.8. Non-alopecizing dermatosis was diagnosed in 10; 5.5% of cases while alopecizing dermatosis in 171 patients (94.5%), of whom 82.9% (151/171) had non-scarring dermatosis and 11.7% (20/171) had scarring dermatosis. The most common conditions were ringworm (41; 22.6%), mainly occurring in 0-10-year-old boys, chronic non-scarring folliculitis (39; 21.5%) mainly occurring in 0-5-year-old boys and 19-40-year-old men, pelade (38; 21%) occurring in both male and female sexes, especially between the ages of 6-10 and 25-40, traction alopecia (17; 9.4%) occurring exclusively in women and mainly in the 25-40-year-old age group, fibrous folliculitis at the nape of the neck (12; 6.6%) occurring exclusively in men from 19 to 50 years, trichotillomania (9; 5%) occurring in both male and female sexes, mainly in children aged 6-10 years and in adults aged 25-40 years, Quinquaud folliculitis decalvans (6; 3.3%) occurring uniformly in both male and female sexes and mainly between 25-40 years of age.
scalp disorders mainly affect male patients before puberty and young adults. They were arranged in descending order in non-scarring alopecizing dermatoses, scarring alopecia and non-alopecizing dermatoses.
头皮疾病与多种因素相关，包括种族、性别或年龄。在黑人中，它们可能由内在和外在因素引起。在居住于非洲黑人地区的这一人群中开展的研究极少，因此我们此次调查的目的是突出在科托努（贝宁）一家皮肤科就诊的患者中，按年龄和性别划分的头皮疾病的流行病学及临床特征。
我们对七年期间前往科托努国立医院和大学中心（CNHU）皮肤科就诊的所有新患者的病历进行了回顾性描述性研究。就诊的主要原因是头皮疾病。收集了有关流行病学和临床特征的数据，并使用EPI-Info 7软件进行分析。
头皮疾病的患病率为2.4%（181/7554）。儿童（0至18岁）占38.7%（70例），成人占61.3%（111例）。0至10岁的儿童（54例；29.8%）和25至40岁的成人（51例；28.2%）受影响最为严重。性别比为1.8。非脱发性皮肤病诊断出10例，占病例的5.5%，而脱发性皮肤病诊断出171例（94.5%），其中82.9%（151/171）为非瘢痕性皮肤病，11.7%（20/171）为瘢痕性皮肤病。最常见的病症为头癣（41例；22.6%），主要发生在0至10岁的男孩中；慢性非瘢痕性毛囊炎（39例；21.5%），主要发生在0至5岁的男孩以及19至40岁的男性中；斑秃（38例；21%），男女均可发生，尤其在6至10岁和25至40岁之间；牵拉性脱发（17例；9.4%），仅发生于女性，主要在25至40岁年龄组；颈部纤维性毛囊炎（12例；6.6%），仅发生于19至50岁的男性；拔毛癖（9例；5%），男女均可发生，主要在6至10岁的儿童和25至40岁的成人中；脱发性毛囊性脓疱病（6例；3.3%），男女发病率一致，主要在25至40岁之间。
头皮疾病主要影响青春期前的男性患者和年轻人。在非瘢痕性脱发性皮肤病、瘢痕性脱发和非脱发性皮肤病中，它们按从高到低的顺序排列。
