Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Services, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1321:147-162. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59261-5_13.
The novel corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak which started in Hubei province in China has now spread to every corner of the earth. While the pandemic started later in Africa, it is now found in all African countries to varying degrees. It is thought that the prevalence and severity of disease is influenced by a number of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are all becoming increasingly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In addition, SSA bears the major burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections. While data from Europe and the United States show that children are spared severe disease, it is uncertain if the same holds true in SSA where children suffer from sickle cell disease and malnutrition in addition to other infectious diseases. There is limited data from Africa on the effects of these conditions on COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of some of these conditions in Africa and the possible pathogenesis for the interactions of these with COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒 2019（COVID-19）疫情始于中国湖北省，现已蔓延到地球的每一个角落。虽然该疫情在非洲开始较晚，但现在已在所有非洲国家不同程度地存在。据认为，疾病的流行程度和严重程度受到多种非传染性疾病（NCDs）的影响，这些疾病在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区越来越普遍。此外，SSA 承担着人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和结核病（TB）感染的主要负担。虽然来自欧洲和美国的数据表明儿童不会患严重疾病，但在 SSA 是否也是如此还不确定，因为儿童除了其他传染病外，还患有镰状细胞病和营养不良。非洲有关这些疾病对 COVID-19 影响的数据有限。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这些疾病在非洲的流行病学情况，以及这些疾病与 COVID-19 相互作用的可能发病机制。
