以难治性乳腺炎为表现的乳腺结核：一例报告
Breast tuberculosis presenting with intractable mastitis: a case report.
作者信息
Sagara Yuka, Hatakeyama Shuji, Kumabe Ayako, Sakuragi Masako, Matsumura Masami
机构信息
Division of General Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Jichi Medical University Hospital, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
出版信息
J Med Case Rep. 2021 Mar 4;15(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13256-021-02712-w.
BACKGROUND
Breast tuberculosis, also known as tuberculous mastitis, is an extremely rare form of tuberculosis. It accounts for <0.1% of all breast diseases and <2% of all cases of tuberculosis. It is often misdiagnosed as breast cancer, which can potentially lead to a delayed diagnosis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 69-year-old Japanese woman presented with a tumor-mimicking lesion in her right breast, followed by intractable mastitis with a fistula formation. The time until the correct diagnosis of tuberculosis of the breast and sternal bone was 14 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Although rare, it is important to recognize that tuberculous mastitis can present as refractory abscesses/mastitis or mass lesions that mimic carcinomas in women of reproductive age and elderly people. Breast tuberculosis should always be considered in the differential diagnoses, particularly in patients with a history of tuberculosis and those living in areas where tuberculosis is endemic.
背景
乳腺结核，又称结核性乳腺炎，是一种极为罕见的结核病形式。它占所有乳腺疾病的比例不到0.1%，占所有结核病病例的比例不到2%。它常被误诊为乳腺癌，这可能导致诊断延迟。
病例介绍
一名69岁的日本女性右乳出现类似肿瘤的病变，随后发展为难治性乳腺炎并形成瘘管。直至正确诊断出乳腺及胸骨结核的时间为14个月。
结论
尽管罕见，但重要的是要认识到结核性乳腺炎在育龄妇女和老年人中可表现为难治性脓肿/乳腺炎或类似癌的肿块病变。在鉴别诊断中应始终考虑乳腺结核，特别是有结核病史的患者以及生活在结核病流行地区的患者。
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