Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2021 Jan(310):36-39.
Bruxism has become more and more debatable and pressing issue all over the world last years. the etiology of bruxism has been changing diverse definitions, over the years, however recently it is defined as a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. This literature review discusses the possible risk factors of bruxism in children and adolescence, among which behavioral abnormalities and sleep disturbances predominates. Moreover, it reviews pathological impact of bruxism on general health and quality of life. The literature review has been carried out using the "ScienceDirect", "Scopus" and "PubMed" databases in order to define relevant scientific works - published in English, during the last 5 years. 31 most relevant articles were chosen. Bruxism is a psychophysiological disorder that can take place during the day and/ or night, in a form of clenching and grinding. It can cause health problems such as tooth sensitivities, headaches, facial myalgia, ear ache, tightness/stiffness of the shoulders, limitation of mouth opening, sleep disruption, sleep disruption of bed partner due to noise, excess tooth mobility, inflamed & receding gums, Temporomandibular Joint Disorder, tooth wear and breakage and tongue's deformation. Considering the potential negative consequences of bruxism on dental and oral health, various clinical methods have been devised to assess it over the years. As the etiology is multifactorial, there is no exact treatment to prevent bruxism. Counselling and behavioral strategies, splint therapy, medications, and contingent electrical stimulation can be used as different ways reducing the effects of bruxism.
近年来，磨牙症已成为全世界越来越有争议和紧迫的问题。磨牙症的病因多年来一直在不断变化，然而，最近它被定义为一种重复性的下颌肌肉活动，表现为紧咬牙或磨牙，并伴有下颌的支撑或推力。本文综述讨论了儿童和青少年磨牙症的可能危险因素，其中行为异常和睡眠障碍最为突出。此外，还综述了磨牙症对整体健康和生活质量的病理影响。文献综述使用了“ScienceDirect”、“Scopus”和“PubMed”数据库，以确定过去 5 年来发表的相关科学著作——均为英文。共选择了 31 篇最相关的文章。磨牙症是一种心理生理障碍，可能在白天和/或夜间发生，表现为紧咬牙和磨牙。它会导致健康问题，如牙齿敏感、头痛、面部肌痛、耳痛、肩部紧张/僵硬、张口受限、睡眠中断、因噪音导致伴侣睡眠中断、牙齿过度移动、发炎和退缩的牙龈、颞下颌关节紊乱、牙齿磨损和断裂以及舌头变形。鉴于磨牙症对牙齿和口腔健康可能产生的负面影响，多年来已经设计了各种临床方法来评估它。由于病因是多因素的，因此没有确切的治疗方法来预防磨牙症。咨询和行为策略、夹板治疗、药物治疗和电刺激可以作为减少磨牙症影响的不同方法。
