Valenzuela-Sanchez Celia G, Pasten-Miranda Norberto M A, Enriquez-Ocaña L Fernando, Barraza-Guardado Ramon H, Valdez Holguin J E, Martinez-Cordova Luis R
Universidad de Sonora, DICTUS, Blvd Colosio s/n, Edificio 7G, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000 Mexico.
Heliyon. 2021 Feb 11;7(2):e06203. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06203. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Composition and abundance of phytoplankton in two areas of Gulf of California, one near (ND) and one far (FD) from shrimp farms discharge, were studied in 3 seasons: late fall (farms finishing operations); spring (farms not operating); and summer (farms operating). In ND, 61 diatoms, 33 dinoflagellates, 4 cyanobacteria, and 2 silicoflagellates were identified; in FD, 72 diatoms, 38 dinoflagellates, 5 cyanobacteria, and 4 silicoflagellates were found. Thirty-three species were recorded only in ND (20 diatoms, 11 dinoflagellates, 1 silicoflagellate), whereas 39 species appeared exclusively in the FD (28 diatoms, 9 dinoflagellates, 1 cyanobacteria, 1 silicoflagellate). Thirty-seven species were common for both areas (23 diatoms, 10 dinoflagellates, 3 cyanobacteria and 1 silicoflagellate). In ND, 9 species potentially toxic (3 diatoms, 5 dinoflagellates, 1 cyanobacteria) were identified. From FD, 3 species potentially toxic (2 diatoms and 1 cyanobacteria) were found. Total abundance of phytoplankton was more than double in ND than in FD. The species richness and diversity, were greater in FD. Higher phytoplankton abundance was observed when farms were operating or finishing operations. The composition and abundance of phytoplankton is a good indicator of shrimp effluents impact, diminishing the species richness and diversity, but augmenting the abundance.
对加利福尼亚湾两个区域的浮游植物组成和丰度进行了研究，一个区域靠近虾养殖场排水口（ND），另一个区域远离虾养殖场排水口（FD），研究分三个季节进行：深秋（养殖场结束运营）、春季（养殖场未运营）和夏季（养殖场运营）。在ND区域，鉴定出61种硅藻、33种甲藻、4种蓝藻和2种硅鞭藻；在FD区域，发现72种硅藻、38种甲藻、5种蓝藻和4种硅鞭藻。仅在ND区域记录到33个物种（20种硅藻、11种甲藻、1种硅鞭藻），而仅在FD区域出现39个物种（28种硅藻、9种甲藻、1种蓝藻、1种硅鞭藻）。两个区域共有37个物种（23种硅藻、10种甲藻、3种蓝藻和1种硅鞭藻）。在ND区域，鉴定出9种潜在有毒物种（3种硅藻、5种甲藻、1种蓝藻）。在FD区域，发现3种潜在有毒物种（2种硅藻和1种蓝藻）。ND区域浮游植物的总丰度是FD区域的两倍多。FD区域的物种丰富度和多样性更高。在养殖场运营或结束运营时，观察到浮游植物丰度更高。浮游植物的组成和丰度是虾类废水影响的良好指标，它会降低物种丰富度和多样性，但会增加丰度。
