Martinez-Porchas Marcel, Martinez-Cordova Luis R
Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Km 0.7 Carretera a La Victoria, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:389623. doi: 10.1100/2012/389623. Epub 2012 Apr 29.
Aquaculture has been considered as an option to cope with the world food demand. However, criticisms have arisen around aquaculture, most of them related to the destruction of ecosystems such as mangrove forest to construct aquaculture farms, as well as the environmental impacts of the effluents on the receiving ecosystems. The inherent benefits of aquaculture such as massive food production and economical profits have led the scientific community to seek for diverse strategies to minimize the negative impacts, rather than just prohibiting the activity. Aquaculture is a possible panacea, but at present is also responsible for diverse problems related with the environmental health; however the new strategies proposed during the last decade have proven that it is possible to achieve a sustainable aquaculture, but such strategies should be supported and proclaimed by the different federal environmental agencies from all countries. Additionally there is an urgent need to improve legislation and regulation for aquaculture. Only under such scenario, aquaculture will be a sustainable practice.
水产养殖已被视为应对全球粮食需求的一种选择。然而，围绕水产养殖出现了诸多批评意见，其中大部分与为建设水产养殖场而破坏红树林等生态系统有关，以及废水对受纳生态系统的环境影响。水产养殖的固有好处，如大规模粮食生产和经济利润，促使科学界寻求各种策略以尽量减少负面影响，而不是仅仅禁止这项活动。水产养殖可能是一种万灵药，但目前也导致了与环境健康相关的各种问题；然而，过去十年提出的新策略已证明实现可持续水产养殖是可能的，但这些策略应由各国不同的联邦环境机构予以支持和宣扬。此外，迫切需要完善水产养殖的立法和监管。只有在这种情况下，水产养殖才会成为一种可持续的做法。
