Sperk Maike, Mikaeloff Flora, Svensson-Akusjärvi Sara, Krishnan Shuba, Ponnan Sivasankaran Munusamy, Ambikan Anoop T, Nowak Piotr, Sönnerborg Anders, Neogi Ujjwal
Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm 14152, Sweden.
Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), CV Raman Avenue, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
iScience. 2021 Jan 28;24(2):102111. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102111. eCollection 2021 Feb 19.
HIV-1 elite controllers (EC) are a rare but heterogeneous group of HIV-1-infected individuals who can suppress viral replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. The mechanisms of how EC achieve undetectable viral loads remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate host plasma metabolomics and targeted plasma proteomics in a Swedish HIV-1 cohort including EC and treatment-naïve viremic progressors (VP) as well as HIV-negative individuals (HC) to get insights into EC phenotype. Metabolites belonging to antioxidant defense had higher levels in EC relative to VP, whereas inflammation markers were increased in VP compared with EC. Only four plasma proteins (CCL4, CCL7, CCL20, and NOS3) were increased in EC compared with HC, and CCL20/CCR6 axis can play an essential role in EC status. Our study suggests that low-level inflammation and oxidative stress at physiological levels could be important factors contributing to elite control phenotype.
HIV-1精英控制者（EC）是一群罕见且异质性的HIV-1感染者，他们在未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的情况下能够抑制病毒复制。EC如何实现不可检测的病毒载量的机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查瑞典HIV-1队列中的宿主血浆代谢组学和靶向血浆蛋白质组学，该队列包括EC、未经治疗的病毒血症进展者（VP）以及HIV阴性个体（HC），以深入了解EC表型。与VP相比，属于抗氧化防御的代谢物在EC中的水平更高，而与EC相比，VP中的炎症标志物增加。与HC相比，EC中只有四种血浆蛋白（CCL4、CCL7、CCL20和NOS3）增加，并且CCL20/CCR6轴在EC状态中可能起重要作用。我们的研究表明，生理水平的低水平炎症和氧化应激可能是促成精英控制表型的重要因素。
