School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Level 3, McElwain Building (24A), St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Cystic Fibrosis Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2021 Jun;24(2):370-390. doi: 10.1007/s10567-021-00345-5. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk of clinically significant anxiety, which can be related to lower treatment adherence and poorer health outcomes. Additionally, up to half of the parents/caregivers of children with CF experience clinically significant anxiety. Research has focussed on CF youth aged 13 years and older, leaving anxiety among school-aged children (aged 6-12 years) largely unstudied. This review aimed to synthesize research on anxiety among children with CF and their parents, examining prevalence, risk factors, and relationships between parent and child factors. Four electronic databases were searched, and publications were included if participants were children (or parents of children) with CF with a mean age between 6 and 12 years, and a standardized anxiety measure was used. Data from fourteen studies were extracted for descriptive synthesis; however, no studies focussed exclusively on the age range of 6-12 years. Results generally indicated that anxiety is highly prevalent in both child and parent populations; anxiety was the most prevalent mental health condition among children with CF, and anxiety was higher among CF populations than control populations among both children and parents. However, there were disparities, with some papers finding low rates of anxiety, and results on the relationship between anxiety and health outcomes varying greatly. Several risk factors were identified, but few were corroborated. There is an overall deficiency of research in this area, particularly examining the relationships between parent and child anxiety, and anxiety and health outcomes. Further research on suitable screening and intervention practices is also required.
个体患有囊性纤维化 (CF) 时，会有较高的临床显著焦虑风险，这可能与较低的治疗依从性和较差的健康结果有关。此外，多达一半的 CF 患儿的父母/照顾者会经历临床显著的焦虑。研究主要集中在 13 岁及以上的 CF 青少年身上，而学龄儿童（6-12 岁）的焦虑问题在很大程度上尚未得到研究。本综述旨在综合 CF 儿童及其父母的焦虑研究，考察焦虑的患病率、风险因素以及父母和儿童因素之间的关系。对四个电子数据库进行了检索，如果参与者是 CF 儿童（或其父母），平均年龄在 6 至 12 岁之间，且使用了标准化的焦虑测量工具，则将其纳入研究。从十四项研究中提取数据进行描述性综合分析；然而，没有专门针对 6-12 岁年龄范围的研究。结果普遍表明，儿童和父母群体中焦虑症的患病率都很高；在 CF 儿童中，焦虑症是最常见的心理健康问题，而且 CF 儿童和父母的焦虑症患病率均高于对照组。然而，存在差异，一些论文发现焦虑症的发病率较低，焦虑症与健康结果之间的关系的结果也大相径庭。确定了一些风险因素，但很少得到证实。该领域的总体研究不足，特别是在考察父母和儿童焦虑之间的关系，以及焦虑与健康结果之间的关系方面。还需要进一步研究适合的筛查和干预措施。
