Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, 339 LiutingRd, Ningbo, 315012, China.
Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 57 Zhuganxiang, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
World J Pediatr. 2021 Apr;17(2):115-122. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00400-1. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a common form of glomerular nephropathy in children, with an incidence rate of 1.15-16.9/100,000 depending on different nationalities and ethnicities. The etiological factors and mechanisms of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome have not yet been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the progress of the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.
We review the literature on the immunopathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. Databases including Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies published in any language with the terms "children", "idiopathic nephrotic syndrome", "immunopathogenesis", "T cells", "circulating permeability factors", and "B cells".
Dysfunction in T lymphocytes and pathogenic circulatory factors were indicated to play key roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Recently, some studies have shown that cellular immune dysfunction may also be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.
Both T- and B-cell dysfunction may play significant roles in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, like two sides of one coin, but the role of B cell seems more important than T cells.
特发性肾病综合征是儿童常见的肾小球疾病，其发病率因不同的民族和种族而异，为 1.15-16.9/100,000。儿童特发性肾病综合征的病因和发病机制尚未完全阐明。本综述总结了儿童特发性肾病综合征免疫发病机制的研究进展。
我们查阅了儿童特发性肾病综合征免疫发病机制的文献。检索了 Medline、Scopus 和 Web of Science 等数据库，使用的检索词为“儿童”、“特发性肾病综合征”、“免疫发病机制”、“T 细胞”、“循环通透性因子”和“B 细胞”，并检索了所有语言发表的研究。
T 淋巴细胞功能障碍和致病性循环因子被认为在特发性肾病综合征的发病机制中起关键作用。最近的一些研究表明，细胞免疫功能障碍也可能参与特发性肾病综合征的发病机制。
T 细胞和 B 细胞功能障碍都可能在特发性肾病综合征的发病机制中起重要作用，就像一枚硬币的两面，但 B 细胞的作用似乎比 T 细胞更重要。
