Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jun 1;180:608-624. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.202. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. GC is the third-most common cause of cancer-related death after lung and colorectal cancer. It is also the fifth-most commonly diagnosed cancer. Accumulating evidence has revealed the role of signaling networks in GC progression. Identification of these molecular pathways can provide new insight into therapeutic approaches for GC. Several molecular factors involved in GC can play both onco-suppressor and oncogene roles. Sex-determining region Y (Sry)-box-containing (SOX) family members are transcription factors with a well-known role in cancer. SOX proteins can bind to DNA to regulate cellular pathways via a highly conserved domain known as high mobility group (HMG). In the present review, the roles of SOX proteins in the progression and/or inhibition of GC are discussed. The dual role of SOX proteins as tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing factors is highlighted. SOX members can affect upstream mediators (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and NF-κB) and down-stream mediators (FAK, HIF-1α, CDX2 and PTEN) in GC. The possible role of anti-tumor compounds to target SOX pathway members in GC therapy is described. Moreover, SOX proteins may be used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in GC.
胃癌（GC）是全球主要的死亡原因之一。在与癌症相关的死亡中，胃癌排在肺癌和结直肠癌之后，位列第三，也是第五大常见癌症。越来越多的证据表明信号网络在 GC 进展中发挥作用。鉴定这些分子途径可以为 GC 的治疗方法提供新的见解。几种参与 GC 的分子因素可以同时发挥癌基因和抑癌基因的作用。性别决定区 Y（Sry）-框包含（SOX）家族成员是转录因子，在癌症中具有众所周知的作用。SOX 蛋白可以与 DNA 结合，通过高度保守的称为高迁移率族（HMG）的结构域来调节细胞途径。在本综述中，讨论了 SOX 蛋白在 GC 进展和/或抑制中的作用。强调了 SOX 蛋白作为肿瘤促进和肿瘤抑制因子的双重作用。SOX 成员可以影响 GC 中的上游介质（microRNAs、长非编码 RNA 和 NF-κB）和下游介质（FAK、HIF-1α、CDX2 和 PTEN）。描述了针对 GC 治疗中 SOX 途径成员的抗肿瘤化合物的可能作用。此外，SOX 蛋白可用作 GC 的诊断或预后生物标志物。
