Department of Psychiatry, College of Medical faculty, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 4;21(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03136-y.
In Ethiopia and other countries in eastern Africa, khat abuse is an increasing public health problem. Levels of use appear to be increasing in women, who are more vulnerable to khat-related problems. However, population-based data are lacking as studies have been small and related to specific settings. This study aimed to contribute to current knowledge on the prevalence of chewing khat and associated factors among women in Ethiopia, using data from the 2016 Ethiopian national demographic and health survey.
The 2016 EDHS used a two-stage stratified sampling design to select households. A total of 645 enumeration areas (202 urban and 443 rural) were selected, based on the 2007 Ethiopia Population and Housing Census. In these, 18,008 households were considered, from which 15,683 women were included from individual households. The women were interviewed by trained lay interviewers. Data were tabulated and logistic regression was used to examine mutually adjusted associations, expressed as adjusted odds ratios.
The lifetime prevalence of chewing khat among women was 9.9%. Current khat use was 8.4%, with a mean of 14.2 days of use in the last month. Khat use increased with increasing age, remaining constant after age 35 years, having one child, lower educational level, being Muslim by religion and not pertaining to the lowest wealth index category. Not being in a marital relationship with the most recent sex partner and Protestant religion were protective factors.
Lifetime prevalence of chewing khat among women in Ethiopia is substantial and associated with specific sociodemographic risks. These can be used in targeted public health efforts to control the use of khat and reduce the associated health and economic burden.
在埃塞俄比亚和东非其他国家，阿拉伯茶滥用是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。女性的使用率似乎在上升，她们更容易受到阿拉伯茶相关问题的影响。然而，由于研究规模较小且与特定环境相关，因此缺乏基于人群的数据。本研究旨在利用 2016 年埃塞俄比亚全国人口和健康调查的数据，为当前关于埃塞俄比亚女性咀嚼阿拉伯茶的流行率及其相关因素的知识做出贡献。
2016 年 EDHS 采用两阶段分层抽样设计选择家庭。总共选择了 645 个计数区（202 个城市和 443 个农村），基于 2007 年埃塞俄比亚人口和住房普查。在这些地区，考虑了 18008 户家庭，从中从单个家庭中选出了 15683 名女性。由经过培训的非专业访谈员对这些女性进行了访谈。对数据进行制表，并使用逻辑回归检查相互调整后的关联，用调整后的优势比表示。
女性一生中咀嚼阿拉伯茶的流行率为 9.9%。目前阿拉伯茶的使用率为 8.4%，在上个月有 14.2 天的使用记录。阿拉伯茶的使用率随着年龄的增长而增加，在 35 岁以后保持不变，有一个孩子、教育程度较低、宗教信仰为穆斯林且不属于最低财富指数类别。与最近一次性伴侣没有婚姻关系和新教宗教信仰是保护因素。
埃塞俄比亚女性一生中咀嚼阿拉伯茶的流行率相当高，与特定的社会人口风险因素相关。这些因素可用于有针对性的公共卫生工作，以控制阿拉伯茶的使用并减轻相关的健康和经济负担。
