School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
School of Life Sciences, Tian Jin University, Tian Jin, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 16;11:619954. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.619954. eCollection 2020.
γδ T cells are the unique T cell subgroup with their T cell receptors composed of γ chain and δ chain. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells are non-MHC-restricted in recognizing tumor antigens, and therefore defined as innate immune cells. Activated γδ T cells can promote the anti-tumor function of adaptive immune cells. They are considered as a bridge between adaptive immunity and innate immunity. However, several other studies have shown that γδ T cells can also promote tumor progression by inhibiting anti-tumor response. Therefore, γδ T cells may have both anti-tumor and tumor-promoting effects. In order to clarify this contradiction, in this review, we summarized the functions of the main subsets of human γδ T cells in how they exhibit their respective anti-tumor or pro-tumor effects in cancer. Then, we reviewed recent γδ T cell-based anti-tumor immunotherapy. Finally, we summarized the existing problems and prospect of this immunotherapy.
γδ T 细胞是唯一具有由 γ 链和 δ 链组成的 T 细胞受体的 T 细胞亚群。与 αβ T 细胞不同，γδ T 细胞在识别肿瘤抗原时不受 MHC 限制，因此被定义为固有免疫细胞。激活的 γδ T 细胞可以促进适应性免疫细胞的抗肿瘤功能。它们被认为是适应性免疫和固有免疫之间的桥梁。然而，其他一些研究表明，γδ T 细胞也可以通过抑制抗肿瘤反应来促进肿瘤进展。因此，γδ T 细胞可能具有抗肿瘤和促肿瘤作用。为了解决这一矛盾，在本综述中，我们总结了人类 γδ T 细胞主要亚群的功能，以及它们在癌症中如何表现出各自的抗肿瘤或促肿瘤作用。然后，我们回顾了最近基于 γδ T 细胞的抗肿瘤免疫治疗。最后，我们总结了这种免疫疗法存在的问题和前景。
