花生过敏负担研究：对患者及照料者生活质量的影响
The Peanut Allergy Burden Study: Impact on the quality of life of patients and caregivers.
作者信息
Nowak-Wegrzyn Anna, Hass Steven L, Donelson Sarah M, Robison Dan, Cameron Ann, Etschmaier Martine, Duhig Amy, McCann William A
机构信息
NYU Grossman School of Medicine at Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
出版信息
World Allergy Organ J. 2021 Feb 15;14(2):100512. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100512. eCollection 2021 Feb.
BACKGROUND
Peanut allergy (PA) places significant burden on peanut-allergic individuals and their families, yet limited research in the United States has quantitatively examined the impact on peanut-allergic individuals and their families' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Peanut Allergy Burden Study (PABS) aimed to quantify the impact of PA on the general and disease-specific HRQoL of children, adolescents, and adults with PA, as well as caregivers of children with PA.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey design was employed to examine the real-world impact of PA in children, adolescents, and adults with PA, and caregivers of children with PA.
RESULTS
Of 153 adult patients, 102 adolescents, and 382 caregivers of peanut-allergic children (n = 382), 6.8% and 24.8% of participants indicated being dissatisfied or somewhat dissatisfied, respectively, with current approaches to avoid or prevent PA reactions. Approximately two-thirds of patients and caregivers indicated that PA interferes at least somewhat with daily living. In terms of general HRQoL, adolescents, adult patients, and caregivers indicated that mental/psychosocial health was more problematic than physical health. PA patients and caregivers indicated worse HRQoL in all domains compared to healthy samples, and worse overall HRQoL, psychosocial, emotional, and social functioning than a sample of chronically ill patients. Results from the allergy-specific HRQoL measures showed that adolescents experienced greater impairment in overall HRQoL due to PA and in allergen avoidance and dietary restriction than adults.
CONCLUSION
PA negatively affects the general and PA-specific HRQoL of both patients and caregivers. The high emotional and psychosocial burden, in particular, demonstrates significant unmet need for patients with PA and their caregivers. Future work on treatment and preventive options to improve HRQoL for PA patients, particularly adolescents and their families, is needed.
背景
花生过敏（PA）给花生过敏个体及其家庭带来了沉重负担，但美国在此方面的研究有限，尚未对花生过敏个体及其家庭的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）影响进行量化研究。花生过敏负担研究（PABS）旨在量化PA对患有PA的儿童、青少年和成人以及患有PA儿童的照料者的总体和疾病特异性HRQoL的影响。
方法
采用横断面调查设计，以研究PA对患有PA的儿童、青少年和成人以及患有PA儿童的照料者的实际影响。
结果
在153名成年患者、102名青少年以及382名花生过敏儿童的照料者（n = 382）中，分别有6.8%和24.8%的参与者表示对当前避免或预防PA反应的方法不满意或有点不满意。约三分之二的患者和照料者表示PA至少在一定程度上干扰了日常生活。在总体HRQoL方面，青少年、成年患者和照料者表示，心理/社会心理健康问题比身体健康问题更严重。与健康样本相比，PA患者和照料者在所有领域的HRQoL均较差，且总体HRQoL、心理社会、情感和社会功能比慢性病患者样本更差。过敏特异性HRQoL测量结果显示，青少年因PA以及在避免过敏原和饮食限制方面，总体HRQoL受损程度比成年人更大。
结论
PA对患者和照料者的总体和PA特异性HRQoL均产生负面影响。特别是高情感和心理社会负担，表明PA患者及其照料者存在重大未满足需求。未来需要开展工作，探索改善PA患者，尤其是青少年及其家庭HRQoL的治疗和预防方案。
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