Meurice Marielle E, Otieno Beatrice, Chang Jenny J, Makenzius Marlene
University of California, Irvine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 333 City Blvd West, Suite 1400, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Kisumu Medical & Education Trust KMET, Kakamega Road P.O. Box 6805-40103, Kisumu, Kenya.
Contracept X. 2021 Feb 7;3:100062. doi: 10.1016/j.conx.2021.100062. eCollection 2021.
Comprehensive sexual education plays an essential role in adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). The study aim was to investigate Kenyan secondary school teachers' attitudes toward girls associated with contraceptive use and abortion.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in January 2018 among school teachers ( 144) at 4 religiously affiliated suburban secondary schools in Kenya and used 2 validated Likert Scales (1-5) to capture contraception and abortion stigma.
Overall, 122 teachers responded (85%) (females, 57%; males 43%; age, 21-70 years [mean, 36]). Respondents associated contraceptive use with a promiscuous lifestyle (43%) that will encourage peers to do the same (51%). Respondents indicated that married women were more deserving of contraception than unmarried women (57%), a girl could not herself decide to use contraceptives (50%), and contraceptive use could impair future fertility (57%). Abortion was considered a sin (74%), shameful for the family (48%), a habit (34%), and a behavior that might encourage peers to do the same (51%). Many believed an abortion will lead to worse health (73%). Male and female teachers gave similarly distributed responses. Younger teachers were more likely to find abortion shameful (<29, 64%; 30-39, 39%; ≥40, 39%; 0.046). Contraception stigma and abortion stigma were highly correlated (r = 0.355, 0.001).
Stigmatizing attitudes associated with contraceptive use and/or abortion were common among teachers in Western Kenya.
Stigma may hinder the sexual and reproductive health and rights of students. Contraceptive use and abortion stigma need to be addressed in teacher education to ultimately improve health outcomes among adolescents.
全面性教育在青少年性与生殖健康及权利（SRHR）中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在调查肯尼亚中学教师对与避孕和堕胎相关女孩的态度。
2018年1月，我们在肯尼亚4所宗教附属郊区中学的144名学校教师中进行了一项横断面研究，并使用2个经过验证的李克特量表（1 - 5）来衡量避孕和堕胎耻辱感。
总体而言，122名教师做出了回应（85%）（女性占57%；男性占43%；年龄在21 - 70岁之间[平均36岁]）。受访者将避孕与滥交的生活方式联系在一起（43%），认为这会鼓励同龄人效仿（51%）。受访者表示，已婚女性比未婚女性更应该使用避孕措施（57%），女孩自己不能决定使用避孕药具（50%），且使用避孕措施可能会损害未来生育能力（57%）。堕胎被视为一种罪恶（74%），会让家庭蒙羞（48%），是一种习惯（34%），且这种行为可能会鼓励同龄人效仿（51%）。许多人认为堕胎会导致更差的健康状况（73%）。男教师和女教师的回答分布相似。年轻教师更有可能认为堕胎是可耻的（<29岁，64%；30 - 39岁，39%；≥40岁，39%；P = 0.046）。避孕耻辱感和堕胎耻辱感高度相关（r = 0.355，P < 0.001）。
在肯尼亚西部的教师中，与避孕使用和/或堕胎相关的耻辱态度很常见。
耻辱感可能会阻碍学生的性与生殖健康及权利。在教师教育中需要解决避孕使用和堕胎耻辱感问题，以最终改善青少年的健康状况。
