College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 May;28(17):20903-20920. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12721-3. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Groundwater is considered as the main source for supplying the public drinking water in many countries and regions; however, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and artificial sweeteners (ASs) found in groundwater can exert harmful effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems, and therefore, they are of persistent concern. The recent data on the occurrence of a series of PPCPs (including antibiotics, excitants and lipid regulators) and ASs often detected in groundwater are reviewed, in which the PPCPs and ASs occur in groundwater at the concentration from several nanograms to several micrograms per litre. In addition, the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of PPCPs and ASs are discussed and the main sources and possibly pollution pathways of PPCPs and ASs in groundwater are summarised and analysed. Additionally, the adsorption, migration and degradation of PPCPs and ASs in underground environments are evaluated. Due to the long residence time in groundwater, pollutants are likely to threaten the freshwater body for decades under certain conditions. Therefore, according to the current level of pollution, it is necessary to improve and enhance the supervision on PPCP and AS pollutants and prevent and control groundwater pollution.
地下水被认为是许多国家和地区供应公共饮用水的主要水源；然而，地下水中发现的药品和个人护理用品（PPCPs）和人工甜味剂（ASs）会对人类健康和水生生态系统产生有害影响，因此，它们一直受到关注。本文综述了近年来在地下水中经常检测到的一系列 PPCPs（包括抗生素、兴奋剂和脂质调节剂）和 ASs 的出现情况，其中 PPCPs 和 ASs 以每升数纳克到数微克的浓度存在于地下水中。此外，还讨论了 PPCPs 和 ASs 的时空分布特征，并总结和分析了地下水中 PPCPs 和 ASs 的主要来源和可能的污染途径。此外，还评估了 PPCPs 和 ASs 在地下环境中的吸附、迁移和降解。由于在地下水中的停留时间较长，在某些条件下，污染物可能会在几十年内威胁到淡水体。因此，根据当前的污染水平，有必要加强对 PPCP 和 AS 污染物的监管，并防止和控制地下水污染。
