British Geological Survey, Mclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK.
Environ Pollut. 2012 Apr;163:287-303. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.034. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) detected in groundwater may have adverse effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems. This paper reviews the existing occurrence data in groundwater for a range of EOCs including pharmaceutical, personal care, 'life-style' and selected industrial compounds. The main sources and pathways for organic EOCs in groundwater are reviewed, with occurrence data for EOCs in groundwater included from both targeted studies and broad reconnaissance surveys. Nanogram-microgram per litre concentrations are present in groundwater for a large range of EOCs as well as metabolites and transformation products and under certain conditions may pose a threat to freshwater bodies for decades due to relatively long groundwater residence times. In the coming decades, more of these EOCs are likely to have drinking water standards, environmental quality standards and/or groundwater threshold values defined, and therefore a better understanding of the spatial and temporal variation remains a priority.
地下水中检出的新兴有机污染物（EOCs）可能对人类健康和水生生态系统产生不良影响。本文综述了包括药物、个人护理用品、“生活方式”和选定工业化合物在内的一系列 EOCs 在地下水中的现有检出数据。文中还回顾了有机 EOCs 在地下水中的主要来源和途径，包括针对特定物质的研究和广泛的勘查调查，这些调查都提供了 EOCs 在地下水中的检出数据。纳克-微克/升浓度的 EOCs 及其代谢物和转化产物广泛存在于地下水中，而且由于地下水停留时间相对较长，在某些情况下，这些污染物可能会在几十年内对淡水体构成威胁。在未来几十年，可能会有更多的这些 EOCs 被制定饮用水标准、环境质量标准和/或地下水阈值，因此，更好地了解其时空变化仍然是当务之急。
