School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 5;16(3):e0248174. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248174. eCollection 2021.
Multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection are a deadly combination. While evidence on the effects of HIV co-infection on MDR/RR-TB treatment outcomes is well-documented, little published evidence describes the effects of MDR/RR-TB treatment on HIV disease.
We conducted a review of literature published prior to June 2020. We searched Pubmed, CINAHL, and EMBASE using variations of the terms "multidrug-resistant tuberculosis," "HIV," and either "CD4" or "viral load." Two reviewers independently completed title and abstract screening, full-text screening, article evaluation, and data extraction. We also included five published articles evaluated as evidence by the World Health Organization (WHO) in preparation for the 2019 MDR/RR-TB treatment guideline update.
A total of 459 references were returned, with 362 remaining after duplicate removal. Following article screening, six manuscripts were included. Articles reported CD4 count and/or viral load results for MDR/RR-TB and HIV co-infected patients during and/or after MDR/RR-TB treatment. The additional five references identified from the WHO guideline revision did not report HIV disease indicators after MDR/RR-TB initiation.
There is a paucity of evidence on HIV disease indicators following MDR/RR-TB treatment. Researchers should report longitudinal HIV disease indicators in co-infected patients in publications.
耐多药或利福平耐药结核病（MDR/RR-TB）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）合并感染是一种致命的组合。尽管有大量证据表明 HIV 合并感染对 MDR/RR-TB 治疗结果的影响，但很少有文献描述 MDR/RR-TB 治疗对 HIV 疾病的影响。
我们对截至 2020 年 6 月之前发表的文献进行了回顾。我们使用“耐多药结核病”、“HIV”以及“CD4”或“病毒载量”的变体在 Pubmed、CINAHL 和 EMBASE 上进行了搜索。两名评审员独立完成了标题和摘要筛选、全文筛选、文章评估和数据提取。我们还包括了在为 2019 年 MDR/RR-TB 治疗指南更新做准备时，世界卫生组织（WHO）评估为证据的五篇已发表文章。
共返回了 459 篇参考文献，删除重复项后还剩 362 篇。经过文章筛选，纳入了六篇文章。这些文章报告了 MDR/RR-TB 和 HIV 合并感染患者在 MDR/RR-TB 治疗期间和/或之后的 CD4 计数和/或病毒载量结果。从 WHO 指南修订中另外确定的五篇参考文献没有报告 MDR/RR-TB 启动后 HIV 疾病指标。
关于 MDR/RR-TB 治疗后 HIV 疾病指标的证据很少。研究人员应在出版物中报告合并感染患者的纵向 HIV 疾病指标。
