State Higher Vocational School in Nowy Sącz, 33-300 Kraków, Poland.
State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów, St. Luke Provincial Hospital in Tarnów, 33-100 Tarnów, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 24;18(5):2238. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052238.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a serious problem of modern medicine. Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs) develop HAI significantly more often than patients in other hospital units.
Analysis involved HAIs from three ICUs in southern Poland. The study was conducted in 2016-2019 on the basis of methodology recommended by the Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance Network (HAI-Net) and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). The objective was to analyse HAIs, their clinical forms, and microbiological agents.
The study included 3028 patients hospitalized for 26,558 person-days (pds) in ICU. A total of 540 HAIs were detected; incidence per 100 hospitalizations was 17.8%, incidence density per 1000 pds was 20.3. The mortality of patients with HAI was 16%, and in infection (CDI), the mortality was 28%. The most common clinical form of HAI was bloodstream infection (BSI): 209 cases (incidence rate 6.9%), followed by pneumonia (PN): 131 (incidence rate 4.3%), and urinary tract infection (UTI): 110 cases (incidence rate 3.6%). The most frequently isolated bacteria were 16.4%, 14.4%, 11.8%, and 11.4%.
A two-fold higher incidence rate of BSI was detected compared to the average incidence in European countries. BSI of unknown source (BSI-UNK) was predominant. and bacteria were the most often isolated microorganisms causing HAI. Infection control based on incidence rate for each type of infection is necessary in ICU to assess the epidemiological situation.
医院获得性感染（HAI）是现代医学的一个严重问题。与其他医院病房的患者相比，重症监护病房（ICU）住院患者发生 HAI 的可能性要高得多。
分析涉及波兰南部三个 ICU 的 HAI。该研究于 2016-2019 年在医疗保健相关感染监测网络（HAI-Net）和欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）推荐的方法的基础上进行。目的是分析 HAI、其临床形式和微生物制剂。
该研究纳入了在 ICU 住院 26558 人天（pds）的 3028 名患者。共检测到 540 例 HAI；每 100 例住院患者的发病率为 17.8%，每 1000 人天的发病率密度为 20.3。HAI 患者的死亡率为 16%，而感染（CDI）的死亡率为 28%。HAI 最常见的临床形式是血流感染（BSI）：209 例（发病率 6.9%），其次是肺炎（PN）：131 例（发病率 4.3%）和尿路感染（UTI）：110 例（发病率 3.6%）。最常分离的细菌是 16.4%、14.4%、11.8%和 11.4%。
与欧洲国家的平均发病率相比，BSI 的发病率高出两倍。BSI-UNK 占主导地位。和 细菌是引起 HAI 的最常分离的微生物。为了评估流行病学情况，在 ICU 中，有必要基于每种感染类型的发病率进行感染控制。
