Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
Molecules. 2021 Feb 25;26(5):1221. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051221.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), one of the most important polymer materials nowadays, has a large variety of formulations through the addition of various plasticizers to meet the property requirements of the different fields of applications. Routine analytical methods able to identify plasticizers and quantify their amount inside a PVC product with a high analysis throughput would promote an improved understanding of their impact on the macroscopic properties and the possible health and environmental risks associated with plasticizer leaching. In this context, a new approach to identify and quantify plasticizers employed in PVC commodities using low-field NMR spectroscopy and an appropriate non-deuterated solvent is introduced. The proposed method allows a low-cost, fast, and simple identification of the different plasticizers, even in the presence of a strong solvent signal. Plasticizer concentrations below 2 mg mL in solution corresponding to 3 wt% in a PVC product can be quantified in just 1 min. The reliability of the proposed method is tested by comparison with results obtained under the same experimental conditions but using deuterated solvents. Additionally, the type and content of plasticizer in plasticized PVC samples were determined following an extraction procedure. Furthermore, possible ways to further decrease the quantification limit are discussed.
聚氯乙烯（PVC）是当今最重要的聚合物材料之一，通过添加各种增塑剂，可以形成具有各种性能的配方，以满足不同应用领域的性能要求。常规的分析方法能够识别增塑剂并定量分析 PVC 产品中增塑剂的含量，这将有助于更好地了解它们对宏观性能的影响，以及与增塑剂浸出相关的潜在健康和环境风险。在这种情况下，本文提出了一种使用低场 NMR 光谱和适当的非氘代溶剂来识别和定量分析 PVC 商品中增塑剂的新方法。该方法不仅可以在强溶剂信号存在下，快速、简单、低成本地识别不同的增塑剂，还可以定量分析低至 2mg·mL 浓度（相当于 PVC 产品中 3wt%）的增塑剂。通过与在相同实验条件下使用氘代溶剂获得的结果进行比较，验证了该方法的可靠性。此外，还通过提取程序确定了增塑 PVC 样品中的增塑剂类型和含量。进一步讨论了降低定量限的可能途径。
