Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Bacteriology Division, The United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Cells. 2021 Feb 25;10(3):495. doi: 10.3390/cells10030495.
Increasing antimicrobial resistance due to misuse and overuse of antimicrobials, as well as a lack of new and innovative antibiotics in development has become an alarming global threat. Preventative therapeutics, like vaccines, are combative measures that aim to stop infections at the source, thereby decreasing the overall use of antibiotics. Infections due to Gram-negative pathogens pose a significant treatment challenge because of substantial multidrug resistance that is acquired and spread throughout the bacterial population. spp. are Gram-negative intrinsically resistant bacteria that are responsible for environmental and nosocomial infections. The complex are respiratory pathogens that primarily infect immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients, and are acquired through contaminated products and equipment, or via patient-to-patient transmission. The complex causes percutaneous wound, cardiovascular, and respiratory infections. Transmission occurs through direct exposure to contaminated water, water-vapors, or soil, leading to the human disease melioidosis, or the equine disease glanders. Currently there is no licensed vaccine against any pathogen. This review will discuss vaccine candidates derived from outer membrane proteins, OmpA, OmpW, Omp85, and Bucl8, encompassing their structures, conservation, and vaccine formulation.
由于抗菌药物的滥用和过度使用，以及新的创新抗生素研发的缺乏，导致抗菌药物耐药性不断增加，这已成为一个令人震惊的全球威胁。预防性治疗药物，如疫苗，是一种对抗性措施，旨在从源头阻止感染，从而减少抗生素的总体使用。由于革兰氏阴性病原体的大量获得性和广泛传播的多药耐药性，它们引起的感染是治疗的重大挑战。 spp. 是革兰氏阴性固有耐药细菌，可引起环境和医院感染。 复合体是呼吸道病原体，主要感染免疫功能低下和囊性纤维化患者，通过受污染的产品和设备，或通过患者之间的传播获得。 复合体引起经皮伤口、心血管和呼吸道感染。传播是通过直接接触受污染的水、水蒸汽或土壤引起的，导致人类疾病类鼻疽或马病鼻疽。目前，还没有针对任何 病原体的许可疫苗。这篇综述将讨论源自外膜蛋白、OmpA、OmpW、Omp85 和 Bucl8 的 疫苗候选物，包括它们的结构、保守性和疫苗配方。
