Division of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 25;22(5):2301. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052301.
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes. This complication is peripheral neuropathy with predominant sensory impairment, and its symptoms begin with hyperesthesia and pain and gradually become hypoesthesia with the loss of nerve fibers. In some cases, lower limb amputation occurs when hypoalgesia makes it impossible to be aware of trauma or mechanical stimuli. On the other hand, up to 50% of these complications are asymptomatic and tend to delay early detection. Therefore, sensitive and reliable biomarkers for diabetic neuropathy are needed for an early diagnosis of this condition. This review focuses on systemic biomarkers that may be useful at this time. It also describes research on the relationship between target gene polymorphisms and pathological conditions. Finally, we also introduce current information on regenerative therapy, which is expected to be a therapeutic approach when the pathological condition has progressed and nerve degeneration has been completed.
糖尿病性神经病是糖尿病最常见的并发症之一。这种并发症是周围神经病，以感觉障碍为主，其症状先出现感觉过敏和疼痛，然后逐渐出现感觉减退，随着神经纤维的丧失。在某些情况下，当痛觉减退使人们无法意识到创伤或机械刺激时，就会发生下肢截肢。另一方面，多达 50%的这些并发症是无症状的，往往会延迟早期发现。因此，需要有敏感和可靠的糖尿病性神经病生物标志物来早期诊断这种疾病。这篇综述重点介绍了此时可能有用的系统生物标志物。它还描述了针对靶基因多态性与病理状况关系的研究。最后，我们还介绍了再生疗法的最新信息，当病理状况进展且神经变性完成时，预计该疗法将成为一种治疗方法。
