Mir Rashid, Elfaki Imadeldin, Khullar Naina, Waza Ajaz Ahmad, Jha Chandan, Mir Mohammad Muzaffar, Nisa Shamsu, Mohammad Babar, Mir Tahir Ahmad, Maqbool Mohsin, Barnawi Jameel, Albalawi Salem Owaid, Abu-Duhier Faisel M
Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2021 Feb 19;8(2):22. doi: 10.3390/jcdd8020022.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide in different cohorts. It is well known that miRNAs have a crucial role in regulating the development of cardiovascular physiology, thus impacting the pathophysiology of heart diseases. MiRNAs also have been reported to be associated with cardiac reactions, leading to myocardial infarction (MCI) and ultimately heart failure (HF). To prevent these heart diseases, proper and timely diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction is pivotal. Though there are many symptoms associated with an irregular heart condition and though there are some biomarkers available that may indicate heart disease, authentic, specific and sensitive markers are the need of the hour. In recent times, miRNAs have proven to be promising candidates in this regard. They are potent biomarkers as they can be easily detected in body fluids (blood, urine, etc.) due to their remarkable stability and presence in apoptotic bodies and exosomes. Existing studies suggest the role of miRNAs as valuable biomarkers. A single biomarker may be insufficient to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI); thus, a combination of different miRNAs may prove fruitful. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the role of circulating miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI) and atherosclerosis.
心血管疾病是全球不同人群中主要的死亡原因。众所周知，微小RNA（miRNA）在调节心血管生理发育中起着关键作用，从而影响心脏病的病理生理学。据报道，miRNA还与心脏反应有关，导致心肌梗死（MCI）并最终引发心力衰竭（HF）。为预防这些心脏病，对心脏功能障碍进行恰当且及时的诊断至关重要。尽管存在许多与心脏状况异常相关的症状，并且有一些生物标志物可能提示心脏病，但目前急需可靠、特异且灵敏的标志物。近年来，miRNA已被证明是这方面很有前景的候选者。它们是有效的生物标志物，因为其显著的稳定性以及在凋亡小体和外泌体中的存在，使其能够在体液（血液、尿液等）中轻松检测到。现有研究表明miRNA作为有价值的生物标志物所发挥的作用。单一生物标志物可能不足以诊断冠状动脉疾病（CAD）或急性心肌梗死（AMI）；因此，不同miRNA的组合可能会有成效。因此，本综述旨在强调循环miRNA作为冠状动脉疾病（CAD）、心肌梗死（MI）和动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病诊断和预后生物标志物的作用。
