Pokorný Peter, Václav Štefan, Petru Jana, Kritikos Michaela
Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Institute of Production Technologies, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Feb 28;14(5):1142. doi: 10.3390/ma14051142.
Components produced by additive technology are implemented in various spheres of industry, such as automotive or aerospace. This manufacturing process can lead to making highly optimized parts. There is not enough information about the quality of the parts produced by additive technologies, especially those made from metal powder. The research in this article deals with the porosity of components produced by additive technologies. The components used for the research were manufactured by the selective laser melting (SLM) method. The shape of these components is the same as the shape used for the tensile test. The investigated parts were printed with orientation in two directions, Z and XZ with respect to the machine platform. The printing strategy was "stripe". The material used for printing of the parts was SS 316L-0407. The printing parameters were laser power of 200 W, scanning speed of 650 mm/s, and the thickness of the layer was 50 µm. A non-destructive method was used for the components' porosity evaluation. The scanning was performed by CT machine METROTOM 1500. The radiation parameters used for getting 3D scans were voltage 180 kV, current 900 µA, detector resolution 1024 × 1024 px, voxel size 119.43 µm, number of projections 1050, and integration time 2000 ms. This entire measurement process responds to the computer aided quality (CAQ) technology. VG studio MAX 3.0 software was used to evaluate the obtained data. The porosity of the parts with Z and XZ orientation was also evaluated for parts' thicknesses of 1, 2, and 3 mm, respectively. It has been proven by this experimental investigation that the printing direction of the part in the additive manufacturing process under question affects its porosity.
增材制造技术生产的部件已应用于各个工业领域，如汽车或航空航天领域。这种制造工艺能够制造出高度优化的零件。关于增材制造技术生产的零件质量，尤其是由金属粉末制成的零件质量，目前尚无足够信息。本文的研究涉及增材制造技术生产的部件的孔隙率。用于研究的部件采用选择性激光熔化（SLM）方法制造。这些部件的形状与拉伸试验所用形状相同。所研究的零件相对于机器平台在Z和XZ两个方向上进行定向打印。打印策略为“条纹”。用于零件打印的材料是SS 316L - 0407。打印参数为激光功率200W、扫描速度650mm/s，层厚50µm。采用无损方法对部件的孔隙率进行评估。扫描由METROTOM 1500型CT机进行。用于获取三维扫描的辐射参数为电压180kV、电流900µA、探测器分辨率1024×1024像素、体素尺寸119.43µm、投影数量1050以及积分时间2000ms。整个测量过程符合计算机辅助质量（CAQ）技术。使用VG studio MAX 3.0软件对获取的数据进行评估。还分别针对厚度为1mm、2mm和3mm的零件评估了Z向和XZ向的孔隙率。通过该实验研究证明，在所讨论的增材制造过程中零件 的打印方向会影响其孔隙率。
