Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 22;22(4):2166. doi: 10.3390/ijms22042166.
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled suicide process present in all living beings with the scope of eliminating cells unnecessary or detrimental for the proper development of the organism. In plants, PCD plays a pivotal role in many developmental processes such as sex determination, senescence, and aerenchyma formation and is involved in the defense responses against abiotic and biotic stresses. Thus, its study is a main goal for plant scientists. However, since PCD often occurs in a small group of inaccessible cells buried in a bulk of surrounding uninvolved cells, its study in whole plant or complex tissues is very difficult. Due to their uniformity, accessibility, and reproducibility of application of stress conditions, cultured cells appear a useful tool to investigate the different aspects of plant PCD. In this review, we summarize how plant cell cultures can be utilized to clarify the plant PCD process.
程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是一种存在于所有生物体中的基因控制的自杀过程，其目的是清除对生物体正常发育不必要或有害的细胞。在植物中，PCD 在许多发育过程中起着关键作用，如性别决定、衰老和通气组织形成，并参与对非生物和生物胁迫的防御反应。因此，对其进行研究是植物科学家的主要目标之一。然而，由于 PCD 通常发生在一小群难以接近的细胞中，这些细胞被大量未受影响的周围细胞所包围，因此对整个植物或复杂组织中的 PCD 进行研究非常困难。由于其具有均匀性、可及性和施加胁迫条件的可重复性，培养细胞似乎是研究植物 PCD 不同方面的有用工具。在这篇综述中，我们总结了如何利用植物细胞培养来阐明植物 PCD 过程。
