Bleša Dominik, Matušinský Pavel, Sedmíková Romana, Baláž Milan
Department of Plant Pathology, Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., 76701 Kroměříž, Czech Republic.
Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Feb 12;10(2):349. doi: 10.3390/plants10020349.
The use of biological control is becoming a common practice in plant production. One overlooked group of organisms potentially suitable for biological control are -like (like) fungi. Some of them are capable of forming endophytic associations with a large group of higher plants as well as mycorrhizal symbioses. Various benefits of endophytic associations were proved, including amelioration of devastating effects of pathogens such as . The advantage of -like endophytes over strictly biotrophic mycorrhizal organisms is the possibility of their cultivation on organic substrates, which makes their use more suitable for production. We focused on abilities of five -like fungi isolated from orchid mycorrhizas, endophytic fungi , and pathogenic to inhibit the growth of pathogenic or in vitro. We also analysed their suppressive effect on wheat infection by in a growth chamber, as well as an effect on barley under field conditions. Some of the -like fungi affected the growth of plant pathogens in vitro, then the interaction with plants was tested. Beneficial effect was especially noted in the pot experiments, where wheat plants were negatively influenced by . Inoculation with caused higher dry shoot biomass in comparison to plants treated with fungicide. Prospective for future work are the effects of these endophytes on plant signalling pathways, factors affecting the level of colonization and surviving of infectious particles.
生物防治在植物生产中正成为一种常见做法。一类可能适合用于生物防治但被忽视的生物体是类（似）真菌。它们中的一些能够与一大类高等植物形成内生关联以及菌根共生。内生关联的各种益处已得到证实，包括减轻诸如……等病原体的破坏性影响。类内生真菌相对于严格的专性活体营养菌根生物体的优势在于它们能够在有机基质上培养，这使得它们的应用更适合生产。我们重点研究了从兰花菌根中分离出的五种类真菌、内生真菌……以及致病真菌……在体外抑制致病真菌……或……生长的能力。我们还分析了它们在生长室中对小麦受……感染的抑制作用，以及在田间条件下对大麦的影响。一些类真菌在体外影响植物病原体的生长，随后对它们与植物的相互作用进行了测试。在盆栽试验中尤其注意到了有益效果，在该试验中，小麦植株受到……的负面影响。与用杀菌剂处理的植株相比，接种……导致地上部干生物量更高。这些内生真菌对植物信号通路的影响、影响感染性颗粒定殖水平和存活的因素是未来工作的展望。
