Gubišová Marcela, Hudcovicová Martina, Matušinský Pavel, Ondreičková Katarína, Klčová Lenka, Gubiš Jozef
National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Bratislavská cesta 122, 921 68 Piestany, Slovakia.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Dec 26;14(1):76. doi: 10.3390/polym14010076.
Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) applied to soil have been recognized as water reservoirs that allow plants to cope with periods of drought. Their application as a seed coat makes water available directly to the seeds during their germination and early growth phase, but on the other hand, it can affect the efficiency of plant protection substances used in seed dressing. In our experiments, we evaluated the effect of seed coating with SAP on fungicide leaching and changes in their effectiveness in suppressing infestation. Leaching of fungicide from wheat seeds coated with SAP after fungicide dressing, as measured by the inhibition test of mycelium growth under in vitro conditions, was reduced by 14.2-15.8% compared to seeds without SAP coating. Germination of maize seeds and growth of juvenile plants in artificially infected soil did not differ significantly between seeds dressed with fungicide alone and seeds treated with SAP and fungicide. In addition, plants from the seeds coated with SAP alone grew significantly better compared to untreated seeds. Real-time PCR also confirmed this trend by measuring the amount of pathogen DNA in plant tissue. Winter wheat was less tolerant to infection and without fungicide dressing, the seeds were unable to germinate under strong pathogen attack. In the case of milder infection, similar results were observed as in the case of maize seeds.
应用于土壤的高吸水性聚合物（SAPs）已被视为能够让植物应对干旱期的水库。将其用作种皮可在种子萌发和早期生长阶段直接为种子提供水分，但另一方面，它可能会影响用于拌种的植物保护物质的效果。在我们的实验中，我们评估了用SAP进行种子包衣对杀菌剂淋溶及其抑制侵染效果变化的影响。通过体外条件下菌丝体生长抑制试验测定，与未包衣的种子相比，杀菌剂拌种后用SAP包衣的小麦种子中杀菌剂的淋溶减少了14.2 - 15.8%。在人工感染的土壤中，单独用杀菌剂处理的种子与用SAP和杀菌剂处理的种子相比，玉米种子的发芽率和幼苗生长没有显著差异。此外，单独用SAP包衣的种子长出的植株与未处理的种子相比生长明显更好。实时荧光定量PCR通过测量植物组织中病原体DNA的量也证实了这一趋势。冬小麦对感染的耐受性较差，不进行杀菌剂拌种，种子在强病原体攻击下无法发芽。在感染较轻的情况下，观察到的结果与玉米种子的情况类似。
