Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand.
J Anim Sci. 2021 May 1;99(5). doi: 10.1093/jas/skab069.
Energy supplementation may reduce oxidative stress by correcting a negative energy balance, but in some contexts, it has been shown to increase oxidative stress, especially at peak lactation. The current experiment examined if a pelleted energy supplement with or without the addition of Lactobacillus-fermented seaweed or seaweed plus terrestrial plants extracts affected oxidative stress of ewes from late gestation through to weaning and ewe and lamb production from lambing to weaning. Treatments were either no supplement (CON-), a pelleted supplement only (CON+, 100 g/ewe per d), CON+ with seaweed extract only (SWO, 10 mL/ewe per day), or CON+ with seaweed plus an arrangement of terrestrial plant extract (SWP, 10 mL/ewe per d). Ewes (n = 160; mean initial BW = 72.3 ± 9.5 kg [mean ± SD]) were randomized to pastures (n = 4 pastures per treatment with 10 ewes each). After lambing, ewes with twins were reallocated to pastures (n = 3 pastures per treatment with 10 ewes each) according to lambing date. At 4 wk in milk, supplementation tended to reduce total antioxidant status (TAS; P = 0.10) and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity compared with nonsupplemented ewes (P = 0.04). The addition of seaweed and terrestrial plants extracts to the concentrate, that is, SWO and SWP, increased TAS and reduced GPx activity compared with CON+ (P < 0.01). Supplementation increased milk yield at weeks 4, 6, and 8 of lactation, and protein, lactose, and total milk solids yield at peak lactation (week 4; P < 0.05). The CON- ewes had greater somatic cell count than the supplemented ewes at weeks 4, 8, and 10 of lactation (P = 0.03). Our results suggest that energy supplementation, alone, increases oxidative stress of lactating ewes, which may relate to increased oxidative phosphorylation. Most importantly, these results indicate that in situations where energy supplementation is needed to increase animal performance, negative effects of energy supplementation around peak lactation can be offset by the addition of Lactobacillus-fermented plant extracts (SWO and SWP) to improve antioxidant status.
能量补充可以通过纠正负能平衡来减少氧化应激，但在某些情况下，它已被证明会增加氧化应激，尤其是在泌乳高峰期。本实验研究了在妊娠后期至断奶期间以及从分娩到断奶期间，添加或不添加乳酸菌发酵海藻或海藻加陆生植物提取物的颗粒状能量补充剂是否会影响母羊的氧化应激和母羊和羔羊的生产。处理方法为不补充（CON-）、仅补充颗粒状补充剂（CON+，每天每只母羊 100 克）、仅补充海藻提取物（SWO，每天每只母羊 10 毫升）或补充海藻加陆生植物提取物（SWP，每天每只母羊 10 毫升）。母羊（n=160；平均初始体重 72.3±9.5kg[平均值±标准差]）随机分配到牧场（每个处理 4 个牧场，每个牧场 10 只母羊）。产羔后，根据产羔日期将产双羔的母羊重新分配到牧场（每个处理 3 个牧场，每个牧场 10 只母羊）。在泌乳 4 周时，与未补充的母羊相比，补充剂有降低总抗氧化状态（TAS；P=0.10）和增加谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性的趋势（P=0.04）。与 CON+相比，在浓缩物中添加海藻和陆生植物提取物（即 SWO 和 SWP）可提高 TAS 并降低 GPx 活性（P<0.01）。补充剂可增加泌乳第 4、6 和 8 周的产奶量以及泌乳高峰期（第 4 周）的蛋白质、乳糖和总乳固体产量（P<0.05）。与补充母羊相比，CON-母羊在泌乳第 4、8 和 10 周的体细胞计数更高（P=0.03）。我们的结果表明，单独的能量补充会增加泌乳母羊的氧化应激，这可能与氧化磷酸化增加有关。最重要的是，这些结果表明，在需要增加动物性能的情况下进行能量补充时，通过添加乳酸菌发酵植物提取物（SWO 和 SWP）来改善抗氧化状态，可以抵消泌乳高峰期的能量补充的负面影响。
